headshot of Mark Roberts

Mark Roberts

Distinguished Professor
Clinical and Research Fellow

about

(2009) Member, University of Pittsburgh Academy of Master Educators..

(2009) Chancellor's Distinguished Teaching Award, University of Pittsburgh.

(2003) Cross-Program Faculty Mentoring Award, Association of Clinical Research Training Program Directors (awarded for mentorship of Michael A. Rubin, M.D., Ph.D., Assistant Professor of Medicine, University of Utah)..

(2002) Award for Outstanding Short Course, "Advanced Decision Analysis", Society of Medical Decision Making, 24th Annual Meeting, 2002.

(1993 - 1997) Teacher of the Year for 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, and 1997, UPMC Shadyside Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA..

(1989) First Prize, Lee Lusted Postdoctoral Student Competition, "Simulating Complex Disease: Monte Carlo Models with Memory," annual meeting of the Society for Medical Decision Making, Minneapolis.

(1984 - 1985) Dr. Elmer E. Hinton Prize for "Outstanding Physician in Patient Relationships," New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston..

(1981 - 1982) John F. Kennedy Fellow in Public Policy, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge..

AB, Economics, Harvard College, 1972 - 1977

MD, Medicine, Tufts University, School of Medicine, 1980 - 1984

MPP, Public Policy and Health Policy, Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government, 1981 - 1984

Puttarajappa, C.M., Mehta, R.B., Roberts, M.S., Smith, K.J., & Hariharan, S. (2021). Economic analysis of screening for subclinical rejection in kidney transplantation using protocol biopsies and noninvasive biomarkers. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, 21(1), 186-197.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1111/ajt.16150.

Jalal, H., Buchanich, J.M., Sinclair, D.R., Roberts, M.S., & Burke, D.S. (2020). Age and generational patterns of overdose death risk from opioids and other drugs. NATURE MEDICINE, 26(5), 699-+.Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi: 10.1038/s41591-020-0855-y.

Malone, D.C., Ramsey, S.D., Patrick, D.L., Johnson, F.R., Mullins, C.D., Roberts, M.S., Willke, R.J., & Marshall, D.A. (2020). Criteria and Process for Initiating and Developing an ISPOR Good Practices Task Force Report. VALUE IN HEALTH, 23(4), 409-415.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2020.03.001.

Bethea, E.D., Samur, S., Kanwal, F., Ayer, T., Hur, C., Roberts, M.S., Terrault, N., Chung, R.T., & Chhatwal, J. (2019). Cost Effectiveness of Transplanting HCV-Infected Livers Into Uninfected Recipients With Preemptive Antiviral Therapy. CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY, 17(4), 739-+.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2018.08.042.

Chen, Q., Ayer, T., Bethea, E., Kanwal, F., Wang, X., Roberts, M., Zhuo, Y., Fagiuoli, S., Petersen, J., & Chhatwal, J. (2019). Changes in hepatitis C burden and treatment trends in Europe during the era of direct-acting antivirals: a modelling study. BMJ OPEN, 9(6), e026726.BMJ. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026726.

Dalgic, O.O., Samur, S., Spaulding, A.C., Llerena, S., Cobo, C., Ayer, T., Roberts, M.S., Crespo, J., & Chhatwal, J. (2019). Improved Health Outcomes from Hepatitis C Treatment Scale-Up in Spain's Prisons: A Cost-Effectiveness Study. SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 9(1), 16849.Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-52564-0.

Dewitt, B., Fischhoff, B., Davis, A.L., Broomell, S.B., Roberts, M.S., & Hanmer, J. (2019). Exclusion Criteria as Measurements II: Effects on Utility Functions. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 39(6), 704-716.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0272989X19862542.

Dewitt, B., Fischhoff, B., Davis, A.L., Broomell, S.B., Roberts, M.S., & Hanmer, J. (2019). Exclusion Criteria as Measurements I: Identifying Invalid Responses. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 39(6), 693-703.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0272989X19856617.

Feldstein, J., Schwander, B., Roberts, M., & Coussons, H. (2019). Cost of ownership assessment for a da Vinci robot based on US real-world data. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ROBOTICS AND COMPUTER ASSISTED SURGERY, 15(5), e2023.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/rcs.2023.

Nicholson, K.J., Roberts, M.S., McCoy, K.L., Carty, S.E., & Yip, L. (2019). Molecular Testing Versus Diagnostic Lobectomy in Bethesda III/IV Thyroid Nodules: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. THYROID, 29(9), 1237-1243.Mary Ann Liebert Inc. doi: 10.1089/thy.2018.0779.

Primack, B.A., Shensa, A., Sidani, J.E., Tulikanga, M.C., Roberts, M.S., Colditz, J.B., Mor, M.K., James, A.E., & Fine, M.J. (2019). Comparison of toxicant load from waterpipe and cigarette tobacco smoking among young adults in the USA. TOBACCO CONTROL, 28(1), 60-66.BMJ. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-054226.

Sinclair, D.R., Grefenstette, J.J., Krauland, M.G., Galloway, D.D., Frankeny, R.J., Travis, C., Burke, D.S., & Roberts, M.S. (2019). Forecasted Size of Measles Outbreaks Associated With Vaccination Exemptions for Schoolchildren. JAMA NETWORK OPEN, 2(8), e199768.American Medical Association (AMA). doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.9768.

Bryce, C.L., Chang, C.C.H., Ren, Y., Yabes, J., Zenarosa, G., Iyer, A., Tomko, H., Squires, R.H., & Roberts, M.S. (2018). Using time-varying models to estimate post-transplant survival in pediatric liver transplant recipients. PLOS ONE, 13(5), e0198132.Public Library of Science (PLoS). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198132.

Chang, C.C.H., Bryce, C.L., Shneider, B.L., Yabes, J.G., Ren, Y., Zenarosa, G.L., Tomko, H., Donnell, D.M., Squires, R.H., & Roberts, M.S. (2018). Accuracy of the Pediatric End-stage Liver Disease Score in Estimating Pretransplant Mortality Among Pediatric Liver Transplant Candidates. JAMA PEDIATRICS, 172(11), 1070-1077.American Medical Association (AMA). doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.2541.

Chhatwal, J., Chen, Q., Ayer, T., Bethea, E.D., Kanwal, F., Kowdley, K.V., Wang, X., Roberts, M.S., & Gordon, S.C. (2018). Hepatitis C virus re-treatment in the era of direct-acting antivirals: projections in the USA. ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, 47(7), 1023-1031.Wiley. doi: 10.1111/apt.14527.

Daniel, P., Bewick, T., McKeever, T.M., Roberts, M., Ashton, D., Smith, D., Latip, L., & Lim, W.S. (2018). Healthcare reconsultation in working-age adults following hospitalisation for community-acquired pneumonia. Clin Med (Lond), 18(1), 41-46.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.7861/clinmedicine.18-1-41.

Dewitt, B., Feeny, D., Fischhoff, B., Cella, D., Hays, R.D., Hess, R., Pilkonis, P.A., Revicki, D.A., Roberts, M.S., Tsevat, J., Yu, L., & Hanmer, J. (2018). Estimation of a Preference-Based Summary Score for the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System: The PROMIS®-Preference (PROPr) Scoring System. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 38(6), 683-698.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0272989X18776637.

Glaser, S.M., Kalash, R., Bongiorni, D.R., Roberts, M.S., Balasubramani, G.K., Jacobs, B.L., Beriwal, S., Heron, D.E., & Greenberger, J.S. (2018). Challenges in the Analysis of Outcomes for Surgical Compared to Radiotherapy Treatment of Prostate Cancer. IN VIVO, 32(1), 113-120.Anticancer Research USA Inc. doi: 10.21873/invivo.11212.

Hanmer, J., Cella, D., Feeny, D., Fischhoff, B., Hays, R.D., Hess, R., Pilkonis, P.A., Revicki, D., Roberts, M., Tsevat, J., & Yu, L. (2018). Evaluation of options for presenting health-states from PROMISA® item banks for valuation exercises. QUALITY OF LIFE RESEARCH, 27(7), 1835-1843.Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi: 10.1007/s11136-018-1852-1.

Hanmer, J., Dewitt, B., Yu, L., Tsevat, J., Roberts, M., Revicki, D., Pilkonis, P.A., Hess, R., Hays, R.D., Fischhoff, B., Feeny, D., Condon, D., & Cella, D. (2018). Cross-sectional validation of the PROMIS-Preference scoring system. PLOS ONE, 13(7), e0201093.Public Library of Science (PLoS). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201093.

Jalal, H., Buchanich, J.M., Roberts, M.S., Balmert, L.C., Zhang, K., & Burke, D.S. (2018). Changing dynamics of the drug overdose epidemic in the United States from 1979 through 2016. SCIENCE, 361(6408), 1218-+.American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). doi: 10.1126/science.aau1184.

Khojandi, A., Maillart, L.M., Prokopyev, O.A., Roberts, M.S., & Saba, S.F. (2018). Dynamic Abandon/Extract Decisions for Failed Cardiac Leads. MANAGEMENT SCIENCE, 64(2), 633-651.Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS). doi: 10.1287/mnsc.2016.2621.

Paternina-Caicedo, A., Driessen, J., Roberts, M., & van Panhuis, W.G. (2018). Heterogeneity Between States in the Health and Economic Impact of Measles Immunization in the United States. OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 5(7), ofy137.Oxford University Press (OUP). doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofy137.

Samur, S., Kues, B., Ayer, T., Roberts, M.S., Kanwal, F., Hur, C., Donnell, D.M.S., Chung, R.T., & Chhatwal, J. (2018). Cost Effectiveness of Pre- vs Post-Liver Transplant Hepatitis C Treatment With Direct-Acting Antivirals. CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY, 16(1), 115-+.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2017.06.024.

Shaw, Y., Chang, C.C.H., Levesque, M.C., Donohue, J.M., Michaud, K., & Roberts, M.S. (2018). Timing and Impact of Decisions to Adjust Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drug Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients With Active Disease. ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH, 70(6), 834-841.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/acr.23418.

Shaw, Y., Metes, I.D., Michaud, K., Donohue, J.M., Roberts, M.S., Levesque, M.C., & Chang, J.C. (2018). Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients' Motivations for Accepting or Resisting Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drug Treatment Regimens. ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH, 70(4), 533-541.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/acr.23301.

Wallace, D.J., Mohan, D., Angus, D.C., Driessen, J.R., Seymour, C.M., Yealy, D.M., Roberts, M.M., Kurland, K.S., & Kahn, J.M. (2018). Referral Regions for Time-Sensitive Acute Care Conditions in the United States. ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE, 72(2), 147-155.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2018.02.018.

Capan, M., Khojandi, A., Denton, B.T., Williams, K.D., Ayer, T., Chhatwal, J., Kurt, M., Lobo, J.M., Roberts, M.S., Zaric, G., Zhang, S., & Schwartz, J.S. (2017). From Data to Improved Decisions: Operations Research in Healthcare Delivery. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 37(8), 849-859.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0272989X17705636.

Chhatwal, J., Samur, S., Kues, B., Ayer, T., Roberts, M.S., Kanwal, F., Hur, C., Donnell, D.M.S., & Chung, R.T. (2017). Optimal timing of hepatitis C treatment for patients on the liver transplant waiting list. Hepatology, 65(3), 777-788.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1002/hep.28926.

Feng, H. (2017). Cost effectiveness analysis of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest management strategies. University of Pittsburgh.

Garfield, J. (2017). Optimization of electronic screening in clinical research practice. University of Pittsburgh.

Hanmer, J., Cella, D., Feeny, D., Fischhoff, B., Hays, R.D., Hess, R., Pilkonis, P.A., Revicki, D., Roberts, M., Tsevat, J., & Yu, L. (2017). Selection of key health domains from PROMIS for a generic preference-based scoring system. QUALITY OF LIFE RESEARCH, 26(12), 3377-3385.Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi: 10.1007/s11136-017-1686-2.

Kabiri, M., Chhatwal, J., Donohue, J.M., Roberts, M.S., James, A.E., Dunn, M.A., & Gellad, W.F. (2017). Long-term disease and economic outcomes of prior authorization criteria for Hepatitis C treatment in Pennsylvania Medicaid. HEALTHCARE-THE JOURNAL OF DELIVERY SCIENCE AND INNOVATION, 5(3), 105-111.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.hjdsi.2016.11.001.

Rief, J.J., Hamm, M.E., Zickmund, S.L., Nikolajski, C., Lesky, D., Hess, R., Fischer, G.S., Weimer, M., Clark, S., Zieth, C., & Roberts, M.S. (2017). Using Health Information Technology to Foster Engagement: Patients' Experiences with an Active Patient Health Record. HEALTH COMMUNICATION, 32(3), 310-319.Informa UK Limited. doi: 10.1080/10410236.2016.1138378.

Roberts, M.S., Smith, K.J., & Chhatwal, J. (2017). Methods in Comparative Effectiveness Research. In Methods in Comparative Effectiveness Research. (pp. 409-446).Chapman and Hall/CRC. doi: 10.1201/9781315159409.

Singh, A., Brooks, M.M., Voorhees, R.E., Potter, M.A., Roberts, M.S., Luther, J.F., & Wisniewski, S.R. (2017). Cost-Effective Drug Switch Options After Unsuccessful Treatment With an SSRI for Depression. PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES, 68(1), 81-87.American Psychiatric Association Publishing. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201500448.

Chhatwal, J., Wang, X., Ayer, T., Kabiri, M., Chung, R.T., Hur, C., Donohue, J.M., Roberts, M.S., & Kanwal, F. (2016). Hepatitis C Disease Burden in the United States in the era of oral direct-acting antivirals. HEPATOLOGY, 64(5), 1442-1450.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1002/hep.28571.

Colkitt, C. (2016). Development and implementation of clinical pathways: reducing variation to improve patient outcomes. University of Pittsburgh.

He, T., Li, K., Roberts, M.S., Spaulding, A.C., Ayer, T., Grefenstette, J.J., & Chhatwal, J. (2016). Prevention of Hepatitis C by Screening and Treatment in US Prisons. ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, 164(2), 84-92.American College of Physicians. doi: 10.7326/M15-0617.

Kapoor, A., Shaffer, N., Hanchate, A., Roberts, M., & Smith, K. (2016). Massachusetts Health Reform Cost Less and Was More Effective for Uninsured Individuals With Venous Thromboembolism A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. MEDICAL CARE, 54(5), 474-482.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1097/MLR.0000000000000506.

Kim, H., Gill, B., Beriwal, S., Huq, M.S., Roberts, M.S., & Smith, K.J. (2016). Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Compared With Radiofrequency Ablation for Inoperable Colorectal Liver Metastases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS, 95(4), 1175-1183.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.02.045.

Roberts, M.S. (2016). Stories of MDM: It Only Takes One. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 36(7), E446-E447.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0272989X16662010.

Roberts, M.S. (2016). The Next Chapter in Cost-effectiveness Analysis. JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, 316(10), 1049-1050.American Medical Association (AMA). doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.12844.

Roberts, M.S., & Smith, K.J. (2016). Decision modeling techniques. In Pharmacoeconomics: From Theory to Practice. (pp. 17-36).

Smith, K.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2016). Cost-effectiveness analysis. In Pharmacoeconomics: From Theory to Practice. (pp. 95-108).

Braithwaite, R.S., & Roberts, M.S. (2015). Validation Is Necessary but Insufficient. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 35(7), 815-816.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0272989X15598742.

Chhatwal, J., Kanwal, F., Roberts, M.S., & Dunn, M.A. (2015). Cost-Effectiveness and Budget Impact of Hepatitis C Virus Treatment With Sofosbuvir and Ledipasvir in the United States. ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, 162(6), 397-U114.American College of Physicians. doi: 10.7326/M14-1336.

Hanmer, J., Feeny, D., Fischhoff, B., Hays, R.D., Hess, R., Pilkonis, P.A., Revicki, D.A., Roberts, M.S., Tsevat, J., & Yu, L. (2015). The PROMIS of QALYs. HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE OUTCOMES, 13(1), 122.Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi: 10.1186/s12955-015-0321-6.

Kessler, J., Ruggles, K., Patel, A., Nucifora, K., Li, L., Roberts, M.S., Bryant, K., & Braithwaite, R.S. (2015). Targeting an Alcohol Intervention Cost-Effectively to Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in East Africa. ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH, 39(11), 2179-2188.Wiley. doi: 10.1111/acer.12890.

Khademi, A., Saure, D., Schaefer, A., Nucifora, K., Braithwaite, S., & Roberts, M.S. (2015). HIV Treatment in Resource-Limited Environments: Treatment Coverage and Insights. VALUE IN HEALTH, 18(8), 1113-1119.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2015.10.003.

Khademi, A., Saure, D.R., Schaefer, A.J., Braithwaite, R.S., & Roberts, M.S. (2015). The Price of Nonabandonment: HIV in Resource-Limited Settings. M&SOM-MANUFACTURING & SERVICE OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT, 17(4), 554-570.Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS). doi: 10.1287/msom.2015.0545.

Roberts, M.S. (2015). Dynamic Simulation in Health Care Comes of Age. VALUE IN HEALTH, 18(2), 143-144.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2015.02.006.

Varier, R.U., Biltaji, E., Smith, K.J., Roberts, M.S., Jensen, M.K., LaFleur, J., & Nelson, R.E. (2015). Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection. INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, 36(4), 438-444.Cambridge University Press (CUP). doi: 10.1017/ice.2014.80.

Blasko, R. (2014). Care coordination: changing nursing care models to stay ahead of the game. University of Pittsburgh.

Braithwaite, R.S., Nucifora, K.A., Kessler, J., Toohey, C., Li, L., Mentor, S.M., Uhler, L.M., Roberts, M.S., Galvani, A., & Bryant, K. (2014). How Inexpensive Does an Alcohol Intervention in Kenya Need to be in Order to Deliver Favorable Value by Reducing HIV-Related Morbidity and Mortality?. JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES, 66(2), E54-E58.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000140.

Braithwaite, R.S., Nucifora, K.A., Kessler, J., Toohey, C., Mentor, S.M., Uhler, L.M., Roberts, M.S., & Bryant, K. (2014). Impact of Interventions Targeting Unhealthy Alcohol Use in Kenya on HIV Transmission and AIDS-Related Deaths. ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH, 38(4), 1059-1067.Wiley. doi: 10.1111/acer.12332.

Donohue, J.M., Belnap, B.H., Men, A., He, F., Roberts, M.S., Schulberg, H.C., III, R.C.F., & Rollman, B.L. (2014). Twelve-month cost-effectiveness of telephone-delivered collaborative care for treating depression following CABG surgery: a randomized controlled trial. GENERAL HOSPITAL PSYCHIATRY, 36(5), 453-459.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2014.05.012.

Hess, R., Fischer, G.S., Sullivan, S.M., Dong, X., Weimer, M., Zeith, C., Clark, S., & Roberts, M.S. (2014). Patterns of Response to Patient-Centered Decision Support Through a Personal Health Record. TELEMEDICINE AND E-HEALTH, 20(11), 984-989.Mary Ann Liebert Inc. doi: 10.1089/tmj.2013.0332.

Kabiri, M., Jazwinski, A.B., Roberts, M.S., Schaefer, A.J., & Chhatwal, J. (2014). The Changing Burden of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the United States: Model-Based Predictions. ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, 161(3), 170-U120.American College of Physicians. doi: 10.7326/M14-0095.

Kapoor, S. (2014). Electronic health records: critique and solutions. University of Pittsburgh.

Khademi, A., Braithwaite, R.S., Saure, D., Schaefer, A.J., Nucifora, K., & Roberts, M.S. (2014). Should Expectations about the Rate of New Antiretroviral Drug Development Impact the Timing of HIV Treatment Initiation and Expectations about Treatment Benefits?. In Winston, A. (Ed.). PLOS ONE, 9(6), e98354.Public Library of Science (PLoS). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098354.

Khojandi, A., Maillart, L.M., Prokopyev, O.A., Roberts, M.S., Brown, T., & Barrington, W.W. (2014). Optimal Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) Generator Replacement. INFORMS JOURNAL ON COMPUTING, 26(3), 599-615.Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS). doi: 10.1287/ijoc.2013.0586.

Marin, J.R., Weaver, M.D., Barnato, A.E., Yabes, J.G., Yealy, D.M., & Roberts, M.S. (2014). Variation in Emergency Department Head Computed Tomography Use for Pediatric Head Trauma. ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, 21(9), 987-995.Wiley. doi: 10.1111/acem.12458.

Varier, R.U., Biltaji, E., Smith, K.J., Roberts, M.S., Jensen, M.K., LaFleur, J., & Nelson, R.E. (2014). Cost-effectiveness analysis of treatment strategies for initial Clostridium difficile infection. Clin Microbiol Infect, 20(12), 1343-1351.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1111/1469-0691.12805.

Zieth, C.R., Chia, L.R., Roberts, M.S., Fischer, G.S., Clark, S., Weimer, M., & Hess, R. (2014). The evolution, use, and effects of integrated personal health records: A narrative review. Electronic Journal of Health Informatics, 8(2).

Fischer, G.S., Hess, R., Landeen, B.M., Weimer, M., Zieth, C.R., Dong, X., Clark, S., & Roberts, M.S. (2013). Electronic Reminders to Patients Within an Interactive Patient Health Record. TELEMEDICINE AND E-HEALTH, 19(6), 497-500.Mary Ann Liebert Inc. doi: 10.1089/tmj.2012.0116.

Lodi, S., Phillips, A., Fidler, S., Hawkins, D., Gilson, R., McLean, K., Fisher, M., Post, F., Johnson, A.M., Walker-Nthenda, L., Dunn, D., Porter, K., & UK Register of HIV. (2013). Role of HIV infection duration and CD4 cell level at initiation of combination anti-retroviral therapy on risk of failure. PLoS One, 8(9), e75608.Public Library of Science (PLoS). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075608.

Ren, Y., Chang, C.C.H., Zenarosa, G.L., Tomko, H.E., Donnell, D.M.S., Kang, H.J., Roberts, M.S., & Bryce, C.L. (2013). Gray's Time-Varying Coefficients Model for Posttransplant Survival of Pediatric Liver Transplant Recipients with a Diagnosis of Cancer. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE, 2013, 719389.Hindawi Limited. doi: 10.1155/2013/719389.

Sandikci, B., Maillart, L.M., Schaefer, A.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2013). Alleviating the Patient's Price of Privacy Through a Partially Observable Waiting List. MANAGEMENT SCIENCE, 59(8), 1836-1854.Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS). doi: 10.1287/mnsc.1120.1671.

Wood, M.S., Oakes, N.D., Roberts, M., & Grassmann, C. (2013). Accidental underdosing of intrathecal diamorphine. Anaesthesia, 68(9), 977-978.Wiley. doi: 10.1111/anae.12404.

Yuo, T.H., Roberts, M.S., Braithwaite, R.S., Chang, C.C.H., & Kraemer, K.L. (2013). Applying the Payoff Time Framework to Carotid Artery Disease Management. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 33(8), 1039-1050.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0272989X13491462.

Demirci, M.C., Schaefer, A.J., Romeijn, H.E., & Roberts, M.S. (2012). An Exact Method for Balancing Efficiency and Equity in the Liver Allocation Hierarchy. INFORMS JOURNAL ON COMPUTING, 24(2), 260-275.Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS). doi: 10.1287/ijoc.1110.0445.

Furlan, A., Aghayev, A., Chang, C.C.H., Patil, A., Jeon, K.N., Park, B., Fetzer, D.T., Saul, M., Roberts, M.S., & Bae, K.T. (2012). Short-term Mortality in Acute Pulmonary Embolism: Clot Burden and Signs of Right Heart Dysfunction at CT Pulmonary Angiography. RADIOLOGY, 265(1), 283-293.Radiological Society of North America (RSNA). doi: 10.1148/radiol.12110802.

Heilbrun, M.E., Yu, J., Smith, K.J., Dechet, C.B., Zagoria, R.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2012). The Cost-Effectiveness of Immediate Treatment, Percutaneous Biopsy and Active Surveillance for the Diagnosis of the Small Solid Renal Mass: Evidence From a Markov Model. JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, 187(1), 39-43.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2011.09.055.

Huang, Y. (2012). Aggregate level association between prenatal care and infant mortality rate. University of Pittsburgh.

Marin, S.J., Roberts, M., Wood, M., & McMillin, G.A. (2012). Sensitive UPLC-MS-MS assay for 21 benzodiazepine drugs and metabolites, zolpidem and zopiclone in serum or plasma. J Anal Toxicol, 36(7), 472-476.Oxford University Press (OUP). doi: 10.1093/jat/bks059.

Nayak, S., Roberts, M.S., & Greenspan, S.L. (2012). Impact of Generic Alendronate Cost on the Cost-Effectiveness of Osteoporosis Screening and Treatment. In Ross, J.S. (Ed.). PLOS ONE, 7(3), e32879.Public Library of Science (PLoS). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032879.

Roberts, M., Russell, L.B., Paltiel, A.D., Chambers, M., McEwan, P., Krahn, M., & Pract, I.S.P.O.R.S.M.D.M.M.G.R. (2012). Conceptualizing a Model: A Report of the ISPOR-SMDM Modeling Good Research Practices Task Force-2. VALUE IN HEALTH, 15(6), 804-811.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2012.06.016.

Roberts, M., Russell, L.B., Paltiel, A.D., Chambers, M., McEwan, P., Krahn, M., & Pract, I.S.P.O.R.S.M.D.M.M.G.R. (2012). Conceptualizing a Model: A Report of the ISPOR-SMDM Modeling Good Research Practices Task Force-2. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 32(5), 678-689.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0272989X12454941.

Clermont, G., Kong, L., Weissfeld, L.A., Lave, J.R., Rubenfeld, G.D., Roberts, M.S., Jr, C.A.F., Bernard, G.R., Thompson, B.T., Wheeler, A.P., Angus, D.C., & Network, N.H.L.B.I.A.R.D.S.C.T. (2011). The Effect of Pulmonary Artery Catheter Use on Costs and Long-Term Outcomes of Acute Lung Injury. In Malaga, G. (Ed.). PLOS ONE, 6(7), e22512.Public Library of Science (PLoS). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022512.

Dedhia, R.C., Smith, K.J., Johnson, J.T., & Roberts, M. (2011). The Cost-Effectiveness of Community-Based Screening for Oral Cancer in High-Risk Males in the United States: A Markov Decision Analysis Approach. LARYNGOSCOPE, 121(5), 952-960.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/lary.21412.

Dedhia, R.C., Smith, K.J., Johnson, J.T., & Roberts, M.S. (2011). The cost-effectiveness of community-based screening for oral cancer in high-risk males in the United States: a Markov decision analysis approach. Laryngoscope, 121, 952-960.

Furlan, A., Patil, A., Park, B., Chang, C.C.H., Roberts, M.S., & Bae, K.T. (2011). Accuracy and Reproducibility of Blood Clot Burden Quantification With Pulmonary CT Angiography. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY, 196(3), 516-523.American Roentgen Ray Society. doi: 10.2214/AJR.10.4603.

Kuo, S., Bryce, C.L., Zgibor, J.C., Wolf, D.L., Roberts, M.S., & Smith, K.J. (2011). Cost-effectiveness of implementing the chronic care model for diabetes care in a military population. J Diabetes Sci Technol, 5(3), 501-513.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/193229681100500305.

Kuo, S., Smith, K.J., Piatt, G.A., Seidel, M.C., Zgibor, J.C., Roberts, M.S., & Bryce, C.L. (2011). Cost-effectiveness of multiple modalities of lifestyle intervention in the community - projections from the Rethinking Eating and ACTivity Study. 60, (p. A67).

Kuo, S., Smith, K.J., pittsburgh Piatt, G.A., Seidel, M.C., Zgibor, J.C., Roberts, M.S., & Bryce, C.L. (2011). Cost-effectiveness of multiple modalities of lifestyle intervention in the community - projections from the Rethinking Eating and ACTivity Study. 60, (p. A67).

Nayak, S., Roberts, M.S., & Greenspan, S.L. (2011). Cost-Effectiveness of Different Screening Strategies for Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women. ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, 155(11), 751-U176.American College of Physicians. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-155-11-201112060-00007.

Oezaltin, O.Y., Prokopyev, O.A., Schaefer, A.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2011). Optimizing the Societal Benefits of the Annual Influenza Vaccine: A Stochastic Programming Approach. OPERATIONS RESEARCH, 59(5), 1131-1143.Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS). doi: 10.1287/opre.1110.0988.

Alagoz, O., Hsu, H., Schaefer, A.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2010). Markov Decision Processes: A Tool for Sequential Decision Making under Uncertainty. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 30(4), 474-483.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0272989X09353194.

Barnato, A.E., Chang, C.C.H., Farrell, M.H., Lave, J.R., Roberts, M.S., & Angus, D.C. (2010). Is Survival Better at Hospitals With Higher "End-of-Life" Treatment Intensity?. MEDICAL CARE, 48(2), 125-132.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1097/MLR.0b013e3181c161e4.

Braithwaite, R.S., Fiellin, D.A., Nucifora, K., Bryant, K., Roberts, M., Kim, N., & Justice, A.C. (2010). Evaluating Interventions to Improve Antiretroviral Adherence: How Much of an Effect Is Required for Favorable Value?. VALUE IN HEALTH, 13(5), 535-542.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4733.2010.00714.x.

Braithwaite, R.S., Omokaro, C., Justice, A.C., Nucifora, K., & Roberts, M.S. (2010). Can Broader Diffusion of Value-Based Insurance Design Increase Benefits from US Health Care without Increasing Costs? Evidence from a Computer Simulation Model. In Salomon, J.A. (Ed.). PLOS MEDICINE, 7(2), e1000234.Public Library of Science (PLoS). doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000234.

Byrne, M.M., Koru-Sengul, T., Zhao, W., Weissfeld, J.L., & Roberts, M.S. (2010). Healthcare Use After Screening for Lung Cancer. CANCER, 116(20), 4793-4799.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/cncr.25466.

Erkin, Z., Bailey, M.D., Maillart, L.M., Schaefer, A.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2010). Eliciting Patients' Revealed Preferences: An Inverse Markov Decision Process Approach. DECISION ANALYSIS, 7(4), 358-365.Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS). doi: 10.1287/deca.1100.0185.

Justice, A.C., McGinnis, K.A., Skanderson, M., Chang, C.C., Gibert, C.L., Goetz, M.B., Rimland, D., Rodriguez-Barradas, M.C., Oursler, K.K., Brown, S.T., Braithwaite, R.S., May, M., Covinsky, K.E., Roberts, M.S., Fultz, S.L., Bryant, K.J., & Team, V.A.C.S.P. (2010). Towards a combined prognostic index for survival in HIV infection: the role of 'non-HIV' biomarkers. HIV MEDICINE, 11(2), 143-151.Wiley. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1293.2009.00757.x.

Kong, N., Schaefer, A.J., Hunsaker, B., & Roberts, M.S. (2010). Maximizing the Efficiency of the U.S. Liver Allocation System Through Region Design. MANAGEMENT SCIENCE, 56(12), 2111-2122.Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS). doi: 10.1287/mnsc.1100.1249.

Kuo, S.S., Bryce, C.L., Zgibor, J.C., Wolf, D.L., Moreno, A., Chen, H.Y., Roberts, M.S., & Smith, K.J. (2010). Cost-Effectiveness of Implementing the Chronic Care Model for Diabetes Care in a Military Population. DIABETES, 59, (p. A71).

Kuo, S.S., Bryce, C.L., Zgibor, J.C., Wolf, D.L., True, M.W., Chen, H.Y., Roberts, M.S., & Smith, K.J. (2010). Cost-Effectiveness of Implementing a Diabetes Primary Prevention Program in a Military Setting. DIABETES, 59, (p. A53).

Nayak, S., Roberts, M.S., Chang, C.C.H., & Greenspan, S.L. (2010). Health beliefs about osteoporosis and osteoporosis screening in older women and men. HEALTH EDUCATION JOURNAL, 69(3), 267-276.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0017896910364570.

Resnick, J., Gupta, N., Wagner, J., Costa, G., Jr, C.R.J., Martin, L., Koritsky, D.A., Perera, S., Matarese, L., Eid, K., Schuster, B., Roberts, M., Greenspan, S., & Abu-Elmagd, K. (2010). Skeletal Integrity and Visceral Transplantation. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, 10(10), 2331-2340.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2010.03245.x.

Roberts, M.S. (2010). Improving the Supply of Donor Organs Being Careful With the Gift of Life. JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, 304(23), 2643-2644.American Medical Association (AMA). doi: 10.1001/jama.2010.1846.

Roberts, M.S., Nucifora, K.A., & Braithwaite, R.S. (2010). Using Mechanistic Models to Simulate Comparative Effectiveness Trials of Therapy and to Estimate Long-term Outcomes in HIV Care. MEDICAL CARE, 48(6), S90-S95.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1097/MLR.0b013e3181e2b744.

Schaefer, A.J., Erkin, Z.E., Bailey, M.D., Maillart, L.M., & Roberts, M.S. (2010). Eliciting Patients' Revealed Preferences: An Inverse MDP Approach. Decision Analysis, 7(4), 358-365.

Shechter, S.M., Alagoz, O., & Roberts, M.S. (2010). Irreversible treatment decisions under consideration of the research and development pipeline for new therapies. IIE TRANSACTIONS, 42(9), 632-642.Informa UK Limited. doi: 10.1080/07408170903468589.

Shneider, B.L., Roberts, M.S., & Soltys, K. (2010). The HMS Birkenhead Docks in Brazil: Pediatric End-Stage Liver Disease Times Three. LIVER TRANSPLANTATION, 16(4), 415-419.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1002/lt.22060.

Smith, K.J., Hsu, H.E., Roberts, M.S., Kramer, M.K., Orchard, T.J., Piatt, G.A., Seidel, M.C., Zgibor, J.C., & Bryce, C.L. (2010). Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Efforts to Reduce Risk of Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease in Southwestern Pennsylvania, 2005-2007. PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE, 7(5), A109.

Smith, K.J., Raymund, M., Nowalk, M.P., Roberts, M.S., & Zimmerman, R.K. (2010). Cost-Effectiveness of Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine Among Healthcare Workers During an Influenza Pandemic. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE, 16(3), 200-206.

Zgibor, J.C., Ruppert, K., Orchard, T.J., Soedamah-Muthu, S.S., Fuller, J., Chaturvedi, N., & Roberts, M.S. (2010). Development of a coronary heart disease risk prediction model for type 1 diabetes: The Pittsburgh CHD in Type 1 Diabetes Risk Model. DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE, 88(3), 314-321.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2010.02.009.

Alagoz, O., Schaefer, A.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2009). Optimizing Organ Allocation and Acceptance. In Handbook of Optimization in Medicine. 26, (pp. 1-24).Springer US. doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-09770-1_1.

Barnato, A.E., Farrell, M.H., Chang, C.C.H., Lave, J.R., Roberts, M.S., & Angus, D.C. (2009). Development and Validation of Hospital "End-of-Life" Treatment Intensity Measures. MEDICAL CARE, 47(10), 1098-1105.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1097/MLR.0b013e3181993191.

Braithwaite, R.S., Roberts, M.S., Goetz, M.B., Gibert, C.L., Rodriguez-Barradas, M.C., Nucifora, K., & Justice, A.C. (2009). Do Benefits of Earlier Antiretroviral Treatment Initiation Outweigh Harms for Individuals at Risk for Poor Adherence?. CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 48(6), 822-826.Oxford University Press (OUP). doi: 10.1086/596768.

Bryce, C.L., Angus, D.C., Arnold, R.M., Chang, C.C.H., Farrell, M.H., Manzarbeitia, C., Marino, I.R., & Roberts, M.S. (2009). Sociodemographic Differences in Early Access to Liver Transplantation Services. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, 9(9), 2092-2101.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009.02737.x.

Jr, K.J.T., Brandt, C.A., Tsevat, J., & Roberts, M.S. (2009). A NATIONAL INTERNET-BASED SURVEY OF CEREBRAL ANEURYSM PREFERENCE-BASED QUALITY OF LIFE. NEUROSURGERY, 64(2), 249-254.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1227/01.NEU.0000333266.18738.BE.

Jr, K.J.T., Tsevat, J., & Roberts, M.S. (2009). MEASURING PREFERENCE-BASED QUALITY OF LIFE USING THE EUROQOL EQ-5D IN PATIENTS WITH CEREBRAL ANEURYSMS. NEUROSURGERY, 65(3), 565-573.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1227/01.NEU.0000350980.01519.D8.

Jr, K.J.T., Tsevat, J., & Roberts, M.S. (2009). Impact of the Scale Upper Anchor on Health State Preferences. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 29(2), 257-266.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0272989X08326148.

Jr, K.J.T., Tsevat, J., & Roberts, M.S. (2009). Cognitive impairment and preferences for current health. HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE OUTCOMES, 7(1), 1.Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-7-1.

Kapoor, A., Kraemer, K.L., Smith, K.J., Roberts, M.S., & Saitz, R. (2009). Cost-Effectiveness of Screening for Unhealthy Alcohol Use with %Carbohydrate Deficient Transferrin: Results From a Literature-Based Decision Analytic Computer Model. ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH, 33(8), 1440-1449.Wiley. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2009.00974.x.

Nayak, S., Roberts, M.S., & Greenspan, S.L. (2009). Factors associated with diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis in older adults. OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL, 20(11), 1963-1967.Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi: 10.1007/s00198-008-0831-8.

Nayak, S., Roberts, M.S., & Greenspan, S.L. (2009). Osteoporosis Screening Preferences of Older Adults. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL DENSITOMETRY, 12(3), 279-286.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.jocd.2009.03.100.

Nayak, S., Roberts, M.S., & Greenspan, S.L. (2009). Factors Associated with Osteoporosis Screening and Recommendations for Osteoporosis Screening in Older Adults. JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE, 24(5), 585-591.Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi: 10.1007/s11606-009-0936-6.

Saitz, R., Palfai, T.P., Cheng, D.M., Horton, N.J., Dukes, K., Kraemer, K.L., Roberts, M.S., Guerriero, R.T., & Samet, J.H. (2009). Some medical inpatients with unhealthy alcohol use may benefit from brief intervention. J Stud Alcohol Drugs, 70(3), 426-435.Alcohol Research Documentation, Inc. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2009.70.426.

Smith, K.J., Zimmerman, R.K., Nowalk, M.P., & Roberts, M.S. (2009). Age, revaccination, and tolerance effects on pneumococcal vaccination strategies in the elderly: A cost-effectiveness analysis. VACCINE, 27(24), 3159-3164.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.03.059.

Braithwaite, R.S., Chung, C.C., & Roberts, M.S. (2008). The Next Frontier: Quantifying Risks for Interventions With No End in Sight—Reply. Archives of Internal Medicine, 168(11), 1230.American Medical Association (AMA). doi: 10.1001/archinte.168.11.1231.

Braithwaite, R.S., Meltzer, D.O., Jr, K.J.T., Leslie, D., & Roberts, M.S. (2008). What does the value of modern medicine say about the $50,000 per Quality-Adjusted Life-Year decision rule?. MEDICAL CARE, 46(4), 349-356.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1097/MLR.0b013e31815c31a7.

Braithwaite, R.S., Roberts, M.S., Chang, C.C.H., Goetz, M.B., Gibert, C.L., Rodrigue-Barradas, M.C., Shechter, S., Schaefer, A., Nucifora, K., Koppenhaver, R., & Justice, A.C. (2008). Influence of alternative thresholds for initiating HIV treatment on quality-adjusted life expectancy: A decision model. ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, 148(3), 178-185.American College of Physicians. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-148-3-200802050-00004.

Byrne, M.M., Weissfeld, J., & Roberts, M.S. (2008). Anxiety, Fear of Cancer, and Perceived Risk of Cancer following Lung Cancer Screening. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 28(6), 917-925.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0272989X08322013.

Dickinson, D.M., Arrington, C.J., Fant, G., Levine, G.N., Schaubel, D.E., Pruett, T.L., Roberts, M.S., & Wolfe, R.A. (2008). SRTR program-specific reports on outcomes: A guide for the new reader. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, 8(4), 1012-1026.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2008.02178.x.

Kahn, J.M., Linde-Zwirble, W.T., Wunsch, H., Barnato, A.E., Iwashyna, T.J., Roberts, M.S., Lave, J.R., & Angus, D.C. (2008). Potential value of regionalized intensive care for mechanically ventilated medical patients. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE, 177(3), 285-291.American Thoracic Society. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200708-1214OC.

Kreke, J.E., Bailey, M.D., Schaefer, A.J., Angus, D.C., & Roberts, M.S. (2008). Modeling hospital discharge policies for patients with pneumonia-related sepsis. IIE TRANSACTIONS, 40(9), 853-860.Informa UK Limited. doi: 10.1080/07408170802165872.

Lee, B.Y., Bedford, V.L., Roberts, M.S., & Carley, K.M. (2008). Virtual epidemic in a virtual city; simulating the spread of influenza in a US metropolitan area. TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH, 151(6), 275-287.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.trsl.2008.02.004.

Maillart, L., Sandikci, B., Schaefer, A.J., Alagoz, O., & Roberts, M.S. (2008). Estimating the Patient's Price of Privacy in Liver Transplantation. Operations Research, 56(5), 1393-1410.

Middleton, D.B., Lin, C.J., Smith, K.J., Zimmerman, R.K., Nowalk, M.P., Roberts, M.S., & Fox, D.E. (2008). Economic evaluation of standing order programs for pneumococcal vaccination of hospitalized elderly patients. INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, 29(5), 385-394.Cambridge University Press (CUP). doi: 10.1086/587155.

Sandikci, B., Maillart, L.M., Schaefer, A.J., Alagoz, O., & Roberts, M.S. (2008). Estimating the Patient's Price of Privacy in Liver Transplantation. OPERATIONS RESEARCH, 56(6), 1393-1410.Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS). doi: 10.1287/opre.1080.0648.

Shechter, S.M., Bailey, M.D., Schaefer, A.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2008). The optimal time to initiate HIV therapy under ordered health states. OPERATIONS RESEARCH, 56(1), 20-33.Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS). doi: 10.1287/opre.1070.0480.

Smith, K.J., Tsevat, J., Ness, R.B., Wiesenfeld, H.C., & Roberts, M.S. (2008). Quality of life utilities for pelvic inflammatory disease health states. SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES, 35(3), 307-311.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31815b07dd.

Smith, K.J., Zimmerman, R.K., Lin, C.J., Nowalk, M.P., Ko, F.S., McEllistrem, M.C., & Roberts, M.S. (2008). Alternative strategies for adult pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination: A cost-effectiveness analysis. VACCINE, 26(11), 1420-1431.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.01.007.

Smith, K.J., Zimmerman, R.K., Lin, C.J., Nowalk, M.P., Mcellistrem, M.C., & Roberts, M.S. (2008). Age-based vs. comorbidity-based adult pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination: A cost-effectiveness analysis. JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE, 23, (p. 245).

Ahmad, J., Bryce, C.L., Cacciarelli, T., & Roberts, M.S. (2007). Differences in access to liver transplantation: Disease severity, waiting time, and transplantation center volume. ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, 146(10), 707-713.American College of Physicians. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-146-10-200705150-00004.

Alagoz, O., Maillart, L.M., Schaefer, A.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2007). Determining the acceptance of cadaveric livers using an implicit model of the waiting list. OPERATIONS RESEARCH, 55(1), 24-36.Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS). doi: 10.1287/opre.1060.0329.

Alagoz, O., Maillart, L.M., Schaefer, A.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2007). Choosing among living-donor and cadaveric livers. MANAGEMENT SCIENCE, 53(11), 1702-1715.Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS). doi: 10.1287/mnsc.1070.0726.

Braithwaite, R.S., Concato, J., Chang, C.C., Roberts, M.S., & Justice, A.C. (2007). A framework for tailoring clinical guidelines to comorbidity at the point of care. ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, 167(21), 2361-2365.American Medical Association (AMA). doi: 10.1001/archinte.167.21.2361.

Braithwaite, R.S., Conigliaro, J., Roberts, M.S., Shechter, S., Schaefer, A., McGinnis, K., Rodriguez, M.C., Rabeneck, L., Bryant, K., & Justice, A.C. (2007). Estimating the impact of alcohol consumption on survival for HIV plus individuals. AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV, 19(4), 459-466.Informa UK Limited. doi: 10.1080/09540120601095734.

Braithwaite, R.S., Kozal, M.J., Chang, C.C.H., Roberts, M.S., Fultz, S.L., Goetz, M.B., Gibert, C., Rodriguez-Barradas, M., Mole, L., & Justice, A.C. (2007). Adherence, virological and immunological outcomes for HIV-infected veterans starting combination antiretroviral therapies. AIDS, 21(12), 1579-1589.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3281532b31.

Braithwaite, R.S., Roberts, M.S., & Justice, A.C. (2007). Incorporating quality of evidence into decision analytic modeling. ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, 146(2), 133-141.American College of Physicians. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-146-2-200701160-00008.

Braithwaite, R.S., Shechter, S., Chang, C.C.H., Schaefer, A., & Roberts, M.S. (2007). Estimating the rate of accumulating drug resistance mutations in the HIV genome. VALUE IN HEALTH, 10(3), 204-213.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4733.2007.00170.x.

Braithwaite, R.S., Shechter, S., Roberts, M.S., Schaefer, A., Bangsberg, D.R., Harrigan, P.R., & Justice, A.C. (2007). Explaining variability in the relationship between antiretroviral adherence and HIV mutation accumulation (vol 58, pg 1036, 2006). JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY, 59(4), 821.Oxford University Press (OUP). doi: 10.1093/jac/dkm027.

Campbell, K.A., Berger, R.P., Ettaro, L., & Roberts, M.S. (2007). Cost-effectiveness of head computed tomography in infants with possible inflicted traumatic brain injury. PEDIATRICS, 120(2), 295-304.American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). doi: 10.1542/peds.2007-0437.

Kraemer, K.L., Roberts, M.S., Dang, O., Gordon, A.J., Cornelius, J., Salloum, I., Saitz, R., Conigliaro, J., Lancet, M., & Settles, L. (2007). Patient and societal utilities for the spectrum of unhealthy alcohol use. ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH, 31, (p. 182A).

Ness, R.B., Koopman, J.S., & Roberts, M.S. (2007). From the american college of epidemiology annual meeting 2006 - Causal system modeling in chronic disease epidemiology: A proposal. ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 17(7), 564-568.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2006.10.014.

Palfai, T.P., Cheng, D.M., Samet, J.H., Kraemer, K.L., Roberts, M.S., & Saitz, R. (2007). Depressive symptoms and subsequent alcohol use and problems: A prospective study of medical inpatients with unhealthy alcohol use. JOURNAL OF STUDIES ON ALCOHOL AND DRUGS, 68(5), 673-680.Alcohol Research Documentation, Inc. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2007.68.673.

Ruppert, K., Roberts, M.S., Orchard, T.J., & Zgibor, J.C. (2007). Cardiovascular disease risk prediction in type 1 diabetes: Accounting for the differences. DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE, 78(2), 234-237.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2007.03.008.

Saitz, R., Palfai, T.P., Cheng, D.M., Horton, N.J., Freedner, N., Dukes, K., Kraemer, K.L., Roberts, M.S., Guerriero, R.T., & Samet, J.H. (2007). Brief intervention for medical inpatients with unhealthy alcohol use - A randomized, controlled trial. ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, 146(3), 167-176.American College of Physicians. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-146-3-200702060-00005.

Saka, G., Kreke, J.E., Schaefer, A.J., Chang, C.C.H., Roberts, M.S., & Angus, D.C. (2007). Use of dynamic microsimulation to predict disease progression in patients with pneumonia-related sepsis. Critical Care, 11(3), R65.Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi: 10.1186/cc5942.

Saka, G., Kreke, J.E., Schaefer, A.J., Chang, C.C.H., Roberts, M.S., Angus, D.C., & Investigators, G. (2007). Use of dynamic microsimulation to predict disease progression in patients with pneumonia-related sepsis. CRITICAL CARE, 11(3), R65. doi: 10.1186/cc5942.

Smith, K.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2007). Sequential medication strategies for postherpetic neuralgia: A cost-effectiveness analysis. JOURNAL OF PAIN, 8(5), 396-404.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2006.11.005.

Smith, K.J., Cook, R.L., & Roberts, M.S. (2007). Time from sexually transmitted infection acquisition to pelvic inflammatory disease development: Influence on the cost-effectiveness of different screening intervals. VALUE IN HEALTH, 10(5), 358-366.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4733.2007.00189.x.

Smith, K.J., Ness, R.B., & Roberts, M.S. (2007). Hospitalization for pelvic inflammatory disease: A cost-effectiveness analysis. SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES, 34(2), 108-112.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1097/01.olq.0000225321.61049.13.

Smith, K.J., Ness, R.B., Wiesenfeld, H.C., & Roberts, M.S. (2007). Cost-effectiveness of alternative outpatient pelvic inflammatory disease treatment strategies. SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES, 34(12), 960-966.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181161d47.

Strom, T., Haschke, M., Boyd, J., Roberts, M., Arabshahi, L., Marbach, P., & Christians, U. (2007). Crossreactivity of isolated everolimus metabolites with the Innofluor Certican immunoassay for therapeutic drug monitoring of everolimus. Ther Drug Monit, 29(6), 743-749.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1097/FTD.0b013e31815b3cbf.

Strom, T., Haschke, M., Zhang, Y.L., Bendrick-Peart, J., Boyd, J., Roberts, M., Arabshahi, L., Marbach, P., & Christians, U. (2007). Identification of everolimus metabolite patterns in trough blood samples of kidney transplant patients. Ther Drug Monit, 29(5), 592-599.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1097/FTD.0b013e3181570830.

Braithwaite, R.S., & Roberts, M.S. (2006). The value of medical spending in the United States. NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 355(23), 2492.

Braithwaite, R.S., & Roberts, M.S. (2006). To the editor [20]. New England Journal of Medicine, 355(23), 2492.

Braithwaite, R.S., Fridsma, D., & Roberts, M.S. (2006). The cost-effectiveness of strategies to reduce mortality from an intentional release of aerosolized anthrax spores. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 26(2), 182-193.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0272989X06286794.

Braithwaite, R.S., Shechter, S., Roberts, M.S., Schaefer, A., Bangsberg, D.R., Harrigan, P.R., & Justice, A.C. (2006). Explaining variability in the relationship between antiretroviral adherence and HIV mutation accumulation. JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY, 58(5), 1036-1043.Oxford University Press (OUP). doi: 10.1093/jac/dkl386.

Jr, K.J.T., DiLuna, M.L., Cicchetti, D.V., Tsevat, J., & Roberts, M.S. (2006). Cognitive functioning in patients with cerebral aneurysms measured with the mini mental state examination and the telephone interview for cognitive status. NEUROSURGERY, 59(4), 803-810.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1227/01.NEU.0000232666.67779.41.

King, J.T., Horowitz, M.B., Bissonette, D.J., Tsevat, J., & Roberts, M.S. (2006). What do patients with cerebral aneurysms know about their condition?. NEUROSURGERY, 58(5), 824-829.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1227/01.NEU.0000209610.25882.54.

King, J.T., Tsevat, J., & Roberts, M.S. (2006). The Physical Performance Test and the evaluation of functional status in patients with cerebral aneurysms. JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY, 104(4), 525-530.Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG). doi: 10.3171/jns.2006.104.4.525.

Samoy, L.J., Zed, P.J., Wilbur, K., Balen, R.M., Abu-Laban, R.B., & Roberts, M. (2006). Drug-related hospitalizations in a tertiary care internal medicine service of a Canadian hospital: a prospective study. Pharmacotherapy, 26(11), 1578-1586.Wiley. doi: 10.1592/phco.26.11.1578.

Shechter, S.M., Schaefer, A.J., Braithwaite, R.S., & Roberts, M.S. (2006). Increasing the efficiency of Monte Carlo cohort simulations with variance reduction techniques. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 26(5), 550-553.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0272989X06290489.

Smith, K.J., Barnato, A.E., & Roberts, M.S. (2006). Teaching medical decision modeling: A qualitative description of student errors and curriculum responses. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 26(6), 583-588.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0272989X06295360.

Smith, K.J., Ness, R.B., & Roberts, M.S. (2006). Hospitalization vs. outpatient therapy for PID: an exploratory cost-effectiveness analysis. 26, (p. E5).

Smith, K.J., Ness, R.B., Wiesenfeld, H.C., & Roberts, M.S. (2006). A little bit means a lot: cost-effectiveness of alternative outpatient PID treatment strategies. 26, (p. E29).

Zgibor, J.C., Piatt, G.A., Ruppert, K., Orchard, T.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2006). Deficiencies of cardiovascular risk prediction models for type 1 diabetes. DIABETES CARE, 29(8), 1860-1865.American Diabetes Association. doi: 10.2337/dc06-0290.

Ahmad, J., Bryce, C., Roberts, M., & Cacciarelli, T.V. (2005). Disparity in the model for end stage liver disease (MELD) scores and waiting times of liver transplant recipients in the united states according to the size of the transplant center. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, 5, (p. 264).

Ahmad, J., Bryce, C., Roberts, M., & Cacciarelli, T.V. (2005). Racial differences in waiting time and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores of liver transplant recipients in the united states. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, 5, (p. 265).

Alagoz, O., Bryce, C.L., Shechter, S., Schaefer, A., Chang, C.C.H., Angus, D.C., & Roberts, M.S. (2005). Incorporating biological natural history in simulation models: Empirical estimates of the progression of end-stage liver disease. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 25(6), 620-632.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0272989X05282719.

Aujesky, D., Smith, K.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2005). Oral anticoagulation strategies after a first idiopathic venous thromboembolic event. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 118(6), 625-635.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2005.02.018.

Aujesky, D., Smith, K.J., Cornuz, J., & Roberts, M.S. (2005). Cost-effectiveness of low-molecular-weight heparin for treatment of pulmonary embolism. CHEST, 128(3), 1601-1610.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1378/chest.128.3.1601.

Aujesky, D., Smith, K.J., Cornuz, J., & Roberts, M.S. (2005). Cost-effectiveness of low-molecular-weight heparin for secondary prophylaxis of cancer-related venous thromboembolism. THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS, 93(3), 592-599.Georg Thieme Verlag KG. doi: 10.1160/TH04-11-0767.

Aujesky, D.A., Smith, K.J., Cornuz, J., & Roberts, M.S. (2005). Cost-effectiveness of dalteparin versus warfarin for acute venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer. 25, (p. E46).

Braithwaite, R.S., Justice, A.C., Chang, C.C.H., Fusco, J.S., Raffanti, S.R., Wong, J.B., & Roberts, M.S. (2005). Estimating the proportion of patients infected with HIV who wilt die of comorbid diseases. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 118(8), 890-898.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2004.12.034.

Fitzner, K., Fox, K., Schmidt, J., Roberts, M., Rindress, D., & Hay, J. (2005). Implementation and outcomes of commercial disease management programs in the United States: the disease management outcomes consolidation survey. Dis Manag, 8(4), 253-264.Mary Ann Liebert Inc. doi: 10.1089/dis.2005.8.253.

King, J.T., Horowitz, M.B., Kassam, A.B., Yonas, H., & Roberts, M.S. (2005). The Short Form-12 and the measurement of health status in patients with cerebral aneurysms: performance, validity, and reliability. JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY, 102(3), 489-494.Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG). doi: 10.3171/jns.2005.102.3.0489.

King, J.T., Kassam, A.B., Yonas, H., Horowitz, M.B., & Roberts, M.S. (2005). Mental health, anxiety, and depression in patients with cerebral aneurysms. JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY, 103(4), 636-641.Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG). doi: 10.3171/jns.2005.103.4.0636.

King, J.T., Moossy, J.J., Tsevat, J., & Roberts, M.S. (2005). Multimodal assessment after surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy. JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY-SPINE, 2(5), 526-534.Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG). doi: 10.3171/spi.2005.2.5.0526.

King, J.T., Tsevat, J., & Roberts, M.S. (2005). Preference-based quality of life in patients with cerebral aneurysms. STROKE, 36(2), 303-309.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000152950.46598.f1.

King, J.T., Tsevat, J., Lave, J.R., & Roberts, M.S. (2005). Willingness to pay for a quality-adjusted life year: Implications for societal health care resource allocation. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 25(6), 667-677.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0272989X05282640.

King, J.T., Tsevat, J., Lave, J.R., & Roberts, M.S. (2005). Willingness to pay for a quality-adjusted life year: implications for societal health care resource allocation. Med Decis Making, 25(6), 667-677. doi: 10.1177/0272989X05282640.

King, J.T., Yonas, H., Horowitz, M.B., Kassam, A.B., & Roberts, M.S. (2005). A failure to communicate: patients with cerebral aneurysms and vascular neurosurgeons. JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY, 76(4), 550-554.BMJ. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2004.051649.

Kraemer, K.L., Roberts, M.S., Horton, N.J., Palfai, T., Samet, J.H., Freedner, N., Tibbetts, N., & Saitz, R. (2005). Health utility ratings for a spectrum of alcohol-related health states. MEDICAL CARE, 43(6), 541-550.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1097/01.mlr.0000163644.97251.14.

Shechter, S.M., Bryce, C.L., Alagoz, O., Kreke, J.E., Stahl, J.E., Schaefer, A.J., Angus, D.C., & Roberts, M.S. (2005). A clinically based discrete-event simulation of end-stage liver disease and the organ allocation process. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 25(2), 199-209.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0272989X04268956.

Smith, K.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2005). Quality-of-life utility values for erectile function and sildenafil treatment. CLINICAL DRUG INVESTIGATION, 25(2), 99-105.Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi: 10.2165/00044011-200525020-00002.

Smith, K.J., Cook, R.L., & Roberts, M.S. (2005). Does lead-time from infection to PID development matter in choosing an STD screening interval? A cost-effectiveness analysis. 25, (p. E20).

Stahl, J.E., Kong, N., Shechter, S.M., Schaefer, A.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2005). A methodological framework for optimally reorganizing liver transplant regions. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 25(1), 35-46.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0272989X04273137.

Stoffman, M.R., Roberts, M.S., & King, J.T. (2005). Cervical spondylotic myelopathy, depression, and anxiety: A cohort analysis of 89 patients. NEUROSURGERY, 57(2), 307-313.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1227/01.NEU.0000166664.19662.43.

Tabas, G., Rubin, F., Hanusa, B.H., & Roberts, M.S. (2005). Expectations of groups versus pairs of attendings and residents about phone communications and bedside evaluation of hospitalized patients. TEACHING AND LEARNING IN MEDICINE, 17(3), 217-227.Informa UK Limited. doi: 10.1207/s15328015tlm1703_4.

Alagoz, O., Maillart, L.M., Schaefer, A.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2004). The optimal timing of living-donor liver transplantation. MANAGEMENT SCIENCE, 50(10), 1420-1430.Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS). doi: 10.1287/mnsc.1040.0287.

Aujesky, D.A., Smith, K.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2004). Oral anticoagulation strategies after a first idiopathic venous thromboembolic event: A decision and cost-effectiveness analysis. JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE, 19, (p. 185).

Bryce, C.L., Angus, D.C., Switala, J.A., Roberts, M.S., & Tsevat, J. (2004). Health status versus utilities of patients with end-stage liver disease. QUALITY OF LIFE RESEARCH, 13(4), 773-782.Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi: 10.1023/B:QURE.0000021685.83961.88.

King, J.T., Tsevat, J., & Roberts, M.S. (2004). Positive association between current health and health values for hypothetical disease states. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 24(4), 367-378.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0272989X04267692.

King, J.T., Tsevat, J., Moossy, J.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2004). Preference-based quality of life measurement in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy. SPINE, 29(11), 1271-1280.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1097/00007632-200406010-00018.

Kreke, J.E., Schaefer, A.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2004). Simulation and critical care modeling. Curr Opin Crit Care, 10(5), 395-398.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1097/01.ccx.0000139361.30327.20.

Mendcloff, J., Ko, K., Roberts, M.S., Byrne, M., Dew, M.A., & Dew, A. (2004). Procuring organ donors as a health investment: How much should we be willing to spend?. TRANSPLANTATION, 78(12), 1704-1710.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1097/01.TP.0000149787.97288.A2.

Nairn, S., Whotton, E., Marshal, C., Roberts, M., & Swann, G. (2004). The patient experience in emergency departments: a review of the literature. Accid Emerg Nurs, 12(3), 159-165.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.aaen.2004.04.001.

Roberts, M.S., Angus, D.C., Bryce, C.L., Valenta, Z., & Weissfeld, L. (2004). Survival after liver transplantation in the United States: A disease-specific analysis of the UNOS database. LIVER TRANSPLANTATION, 10(7), 886-897.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1002/lt.20137.

Williams, B.A., Kentor, M.L., Vogt, M.T., Vogt, W.B., Coley, K.C., Williams, J.P., Roberts, M.S., Chelly, J.E., Hamer, C.D., & Fu, F.H. (2004). Economics of nerve block pain management after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction - Potential hospital cost savings via associated postanesthesia care unit bypass and same-day discharge. ANESTHESIOLOGY, 100(3), 697-706.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1097/00000542-200403000-00034.

Alagoz, O., Bryce, C.L., Schaefer, A., & Roberts, M.S. (2003). Modeling the progression of liver disease over time: a comparison of level- and direction-based algorithms. 23, (p. 556).

Angus, D.C., Clermont, G., Watson, R.S., Linde-Zwirble, W.T., Clark, R.H., & Roberts, M.S. (2003). Cost-effectiveness of inhaled nitric oxide in the treatment of neonatal respiratory failure in the United States. Pediatrics, 112(6 Pt 1), 1351-1360. doi: 10.1542/peds.112.6.1351.

Angus, D.C., Clermont, G., Watson, R.S., Linde-Zwirble, W.T., Clark, R.H., & Roberts, M.S. (2003). Cost-effectiveness of inhaled nitric oxide in the treatment of neonatal respiratory failure in the United States. PEDIATRICS, 112(6), 1351-1360.American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). doi: 10.1542/peds.112.6.1351.

Barnato, A.E., Smith, K.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2003). What teaching decision analysis teaches us about decision analysis. 23, (p. 558).

Beddhu, S., Samore, M.H., Roberts, M.S., Stoddard, G.J., Pappas, L.M., & Cheung, A.K. (2003). Creatinine production, nutrition, and glomerular filtration rate estimation. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY, 14(4), 1000-1005.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1097/01.ASN.0000057856.88335.DD.

Beddhu, S., Samore, M.H., Roberts, M.S., Stoddard, G.J., Ramkumar, N., Pappas, L.M., & Cheung, A.K. (2003). Impact of timing of initiation of dialysis on mortality. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY, 14(9), 2305-2312.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1097/01.ASN.0000080184.67406.11.

Calabrese, A.T., Cholka, K., Lenhart, S.E., McCarty, B., Zewe, G., Sunseri, D., Roberts, M., & Kapoor, W. (2003). Pharmacist involvement in a multidisciplinary inpatient medication education program. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY, 60(10), 1012-1018.Oxford University Press (OUP). doi: 10.1093/ajhp/60.10.1012.

Counsel, C., Dennis, M.S., Lewis, S., Warlow, C., & FOOD Trial Collaboration. Feed Or Ordinary Diet. (2003). Performance of a statistical model to predict stroke outcome in the context of a large, simple, randomized, controlled trial of feeding. Stroke, 34(1), 127-133.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1161/01.str.0000044165.41303.50.

King, J.T., Justice, A.C., Roberts, M.S., & Chang, C.C.H. (2003). Long-term HIV/AIDS survival estimation in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 23(1), 9-20.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0272989X02239652.

King, J.T., McGinnis, K.A., & Roberts, M.S. (2003). Quality of Life Assessment with the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 among Patients with Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy. Neurosurgery, 52(1), 113-121.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1097/00006123-200301000-00014.

King, J.T., Styn, M.A., Tsevat, J., & Roberts, M.S. (2003). "Perfect health" versus "disease free": The impact of anchor point choice on the measurement of preferences and the calculation of disease-specific disutilities. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 23(3), 212-225.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0272989X03023003003.

Roberts, M.S., Bryce, C.L., & Shechter, S. (2003). Counterintuitive results when discounting lives: the doomsday paradox. 23, (p. 585).

Roberts, M.S., Bryce, C.L., Schaefer, A., Shechter, S., Alagoz, O., & Angus, D. (2003). Optimal organ allocation policy: a biologically based simulation model. 23, (p. 575).

Smith, K.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2003). Effect of sildenafil on quality of life in erectile dysfunction. 23, (p. 556).

Smith, K.J., & Roberts, S. (2003). Effect of sildenafil on quality of life in erectile dysfunction. 23, (p. 556).

Smith, K.J., Freeman, R., & Roberts, M.S. (2003). Does effective postherpetic neuralgia therapy decrease the cost effectiveness of antivirals for zoster?. VALUE IN HEALTH, 6, (p. 265).Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/S1098-3015(10)64014-4.

Smith, K.J., Freeman, R., & Roberts, M.S. (2003). Cost-effectiveness of drug therapy for postherpetic neuralgia. VALUE IN HEALTH, 6, (p. 280).Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/S1098-3015(10)64051-X.

Stahl, J.E., Roberts, M.S., & Gazelle, S. (2003). Optimizing management and financial performance of the teaching ambulatory care clinic. JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE, 18(4), 266-274.Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi: 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2003.20726.x.

Swann, G., Roberts, M., Whotton, E., & Hewitt, S. (2003). Minor and major patients--what can be done?. Emerg Nurse, 11(1), 33-36.RCN Publishing Ltd. doi: 10.7748/en2003.04.11.1.33.c1111.

Alagoz, O., Bryce, C., Chang, C.H., Schaefer, A., Angus, D.C., & Roberts, M.S. (2002). Predicting the future health status of liver disease patients using empiric stochastic models. 22, (p. 541).

Angus, D.C., Rubenfeld, G.D., Roberts, M.S., Curtis, J.R., Connors, A.F., Cook, D.J., Lave, J.R., Pinsky, M.R., Cohen, I.L., Edbrooke, D.L., Jacobs, P., Lambrinos, J., Miranda, D., Hibbert, C., Cook, D.J., Linde-Zwirble, W.T., Moreno, R., Tsevat, J., Chalfin, D.B., Hlatky, M., Kamlet, M.S., Roberts, M.S., Sonnenberg, F.A., Asch, D., Morreim, E.H., Lave, J.R., Rie, M., Rubenfeld, G.D., & Soc, A.T. (2002). Understanding costs and cost-effectiveness in critical care - Report from the Second American Thoracic Society Workshop on Outcomes Research. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE, 165(4), 540-550.American Thoracic Society. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.165.4.16541.

Angus, D.C., Rubenfield, G.D., Roberts, M.S., Curtis, J.R., Connors, A.F., Cook, D.J., Lave, J.R., & Pinsky, M.R. (2002). Understanding cost and cost-effectiveness in critical care: Report from the Second American Thoracic Society Workshop on Outcomes Research. Amer J Respir Crit Care, 165(0), 540-550.

King, J., Styn, M., Tsevat, J., & Roberts, M. (2002). "Perfect health" versus "disease-free": the impact of anchor point choice on preference measurement and the calculation of disease-specific disutilities. 22, (p. 556).

King, J.T., & Roberts, M.S. (2002). Validity and reliability of the Short Form-36 in cervical spondylotic myelopathy. J Neurosurg, 97(2 Suppl), 180-185. doi: 10.3171/spi.2002.97.2.0180.

Penland, S.K., Smith, K.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2002). The Flexner Report: Still relevant in the 21st century?. JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE, 17, (p. 175).

Roberts, M.S., Bryce, C., & Angus, D. (2002). Predict natural history by survival or disease progression, but not both: inconsistencies in Monte Carlo simulation. 22, (p. 560).

Smith, K.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2002). Pharmacoeconomics of antiviral therapies for Herpes zoster infections. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res, 2(6), 527-534.Informa UK Limited. doi: 10.1586/14737167.2.6.527.

Smith, K.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2002). Cost-effectiveness of newer treatment strategies for influenza. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 113(4), 300-307.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/S0002-9343(02)01222-6.

Smith, K.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2002). Utility measurement in men with and without erectile dysfunction. 22, (p. 561).

Beaird, J. (2001). Cost-effectiveness of sildenafil. Ann Intern Med, 134(3), 249.American College of Physicians. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-134-3-200102060-00018.

King, J., Lave, J., Styn, M., & Roberts, M. (2001). Relationship between willingness to pay, utilities, and disease severity in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy. 21, (p. 522).

King, J., Lave, J., Styn, M., & Roberts, M. (2001). Willingness to pay in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy. 21, (p. 537).

Roberts, M.S. (2001). Industrial engineering and the practice of medicine. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 21(3), 248-249. doi: 10.1177/02729890122062424.

Smith, K.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2000). Antiviral therapies for herpes zoster infections - Are they economically justifiable?. PHARMACOECONOMICS, 18(2), 95-104.Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi: 10.2165/00019053-200018020-00001.

Smith, K.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2000). Cost effectiveness of vaccination strategies in adults without a history of chickenpox. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 108(9), 723-729.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/S0002-9343(00)00445-9.

Smith, K.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2000). The cost-effectiveness of sildenafil. ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, 132(12), 933-+.American College of Physicians. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-132-12-200006200-00002.

Smith, K.J., & Roberts, M.S. (2000). Are current recommendations for antiviral therapy of herpes zoster cost-effective?. JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE, 15, (p. 4).Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi: 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2000.15200-15.x.

Smith, K.J., Cook, R.L., Downs, J.S., & Roberts, M.S. (2000). Cost-effectiveness of management strategies for chronic recurrent genital herpes: A pilot analysis. JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE, 15, (p. 4).Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi: 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2000.15200-16.x.

Stahl, J.E., Bryce, C.L., Sefcik, T., & Roberts, M.S. (2000). National or regional: which is the best strategy for allocating livers?. 20, (p. 494).

Weissfeld, L., Valenta, Z., Bryce, C.L., Angus, D.C., & Roberts, M.S. (2000). Alternative models for estimating patient survival. 20, (p. 500).

Bryce, C.L., Angus, D., Stahl, J.E., Switala, J., & Roberts, M.S. (1999). Using health status measures to predict utilities in patients with end-stage liver disease. 19, (p. 534).

Bryce, C.L., Stahl, J.E., Clermont, G., Sefcik, T., Angus, D.C., & Roberts, M.S. (1999). Differences in waiting time for liver transplantation according to disease, race, and gender. 14, (p. 15).

Clermont, G., Bryce, C.L., Stahl, J.E., Sefcik, T., Roberts, M.S., & Angus, D.C. (1999). Outpatient resource use in patients awaiting liver transplantation. 14, (p. 19).

Merryman, T., Sharbaugh, D., & Roberts, M.S. (1999). Informatics and process improvement - The clinical design unit. JOURNAL OF NURSING ADMINISTRATION, 29(6), 55-61.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1097/00005110-199906000-00010.

Roberts, M., & Towey, R. (1999). Anaesthesia and the liver. Update in Anaesthesia, (10), 18-21.

Bryce, C.L., Switala, J., & Roberts, M. (1998). Utility assessments of patients with chronic liver disease vary as a function of the time horizon studied. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 18, (p. 479).

Smith, K.J., & Roberts, M.S. (1998). Cost effectiveness of newer antiviral agents for herpes zoster: Is the evidence spotty?. JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 178(s1), S85-S90.Oxford University Press (OUP). doi: 10.1086/514270.

Taylor, B., & Roberts, M. (1998). Sobering effect. Nursing times, 94(16), 30-31.

Williams, H., Dratcu, L., Taylor, R., Roberts, M., & Oyefeso, A. (1998). "Saturday night fever": ecstasy related problems in a London accident and emergency department. J Accid Emerg Med, 15(5), 322-326.BMJ. doi: 10.1136/emj.15.5.322.

Roberts, M. (1997). The mental health service user movement. Nursing times, 93(44), 22.

Roberts, M., & Taylor, B. (1997). Emergency action. Nursing times, 93(30), 30-32.

Roberts, M.S. (1997). The power and pitfalls of simplifying assumptions. MEDICAL DECISION MAKING, 17(4), 496-497.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0272989X9701700416.

Ryrie, I., Roberts, M., & Taylor, R. (1997). Liaison psychiatric nursing in an inner city accident and emergency department. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs, 4(2), 131-136.Wiley. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2850.1997.00031.x.

Bode, R.H., Lewis, K.P., Zarich, S.W., Pierce, E.T., Roberts, M., Kowalchuk, G.J., Satwicz, P.R., Gibbons, G.W., Hunter, J.A., Espanola, C.C., & Nesto, R.W. (1996). Cardiac outcome after peripheral vascular surgery - Comparison of general and regional anesthesia. ANESTHESIOLOGY, 84(1), 3-13.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1097/00000542-199601000-00002.

FREEMAN, R., WEISS, S.T., ROBERTS, M., ZBIKOWSKI, S.M., & SPARROW, D. (1995). THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY AND MEASURES OF BODY HABITUS. CLINICAL AUTONOMIC RESEARCH, 5(5), 261-266.Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi: 10.1007/BF01818890.

Bardes, C.L., & Charlson, M.E. (1994). Gastrointestinal bleeding in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med, 331(1), 51.Massachusetts Medical Society. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199407073310114.

Brett, A.S., & Roberts, M.S. (1994). Screening for vitamin B12 deficiency in psychiatric patients. J Gen Intern Med, 9(9), 522-524.Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi: 10.1007/BF02599226.

Collins, L.A., Samore, M.H., Roberts, M.S., Luzzati, R., Jenkins, R.L., Lewis, W.D., & Karchmer, A.W. (1994). Risk factors for invasive fungal infections complicating orthotopic liver transplantation. J Infect Dis, 170(3), 644-652.Oxford University Press (OUP). doi: 10.1093/infdis/170.3.644.

Saitz, R., Mayo-Smith, M.F., Roberts, M.S., Redmond, H.A., Bernard, D.R., & Calkins, D.R. (1994). Individualized treatment for alcohol withdrawal. A randomized double-blind controlled trial. JAMA, 272(7), 519-523.American Medical Association (AMA). doi: 10.1001/jama.272.7.519.

Sonnenberg, F.A., Roberts, M.S., Tsevat, J., Wong, J.B., Barry, M., & Kent, D.L. (1994). Toward a peer review process for medical decision analysis models. Med Care, 32(7 Suppl), JS52-JS64.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1097/00005650-199407001-00005.

Ahluwalia, J.S., Roberts, M.S., & Calkins, D.R. (1993). Housestaff knowledge of prevention guidelines. Am J Health Promot, 8(2), 101-104.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.4278/0890-1171-8.2.101.

Schulte, L., Roberts, M.S., Zimmerman, C., Ketler, J., & Simon, L.S. (1993). A quantitative assessment of limited joint mobility in patients with diabetes. Goniometric analysis of upper extremity passive range of motion. Arthritis Rheum, 36(10), 1429-1443.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/art.1780361016.

Friedman, L.S., Samet, J.H., Roberts, M.S., Hudlin, M., & Hans, P. (1992). Inquiry about victimization experiences. A survey of patient preferences and physician practices. Arch Intern Med, 152(6), 1186-1190.American Medical Association (AMA). doi: 10.1001/archinte.152.6.1186.

Saitz, R., Friedmann, P.D., & Roberts, M.S. (1992). Continued zidovudine or didanosine for human immunodeficiency virus infection. N Engl J Med, 327(22), 1598.Massachusetts Medical Society. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199211263272214.

Cleary, P.D., Edgman-Levitan, S., Roberts, M., Moloney, T.W., McMullen, W., Walker, J.D., & Delbanco, T.L. (1991). Patients evaluate their hospital care: a national survey. Health Aff (Millwood), 10(4), 254-267.Health Affairs (Project Hope). doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.10.4.254.

Cox, G., Roberts, M.S., Özsoylu, S., & Beutler, E. (1991). Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. N Engl J Med, 324(24), 1742-1743.Massachusetts Medical Society. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199106133242414.

Freeman, R., Saul, J.P., Roberts, M.S., Berger, R.D., Broadbridge, C., & Cohen, R.J. (1991). Spectral analysis of heart rate in diabetic autonomic neuropathy. A comparison with standard tests of autonomic function. Arch Neurol, 48(2), 185-190.American Medical Association (AMA). doi: 10.1001/archneur.1991.00530140079020.

Jacobs, M.B. (1991). Clinical prediction of pneumonia. Ann Intern Med, 114(5), 428-429.American College of Physicians. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-114-5-428.

Klawansky, S., Antczak-Bouckoms, A., Barr, J., Burdick, E., Roberts, M.S., Wyshak, G., & Mosteller, F. (1991). Using medical registries and data sets for technology assessment. An overview of seven case studies. Int J Technol Assess Health Care, 7(2), 194-199.Cambridge University Press (CUP). doi: 10.1017/s0266462300005080.

Nesto, R.W., Phillips, R.T., Kett, K.G., McAuliffe, L.S., Roberts, M., & Hegarty, P. (1991). Effect of nifedipine on total ischemic activity and circadian distribution of myocardial ischemic episodes in angina pectoris. Am J Cardiol, 67(2), 128-132.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(91)90433-l.

Roberts, M.S., Dreese, E.M., Hurley, N., Zullo, N., & Peterson, M. (1991). Blending administrative and clinical needs: the development of a referring physician database and automatic referral letter. Proc Annu Symp Comput Appl Med Care, 559-563.

Freeman, R., Roberts, M.S., Friedman, L.S., & Broadbridge, C. (1990). Autonomic function and human immunodeficiency virus infection. Neurology, 40(4), 575-580.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.1212/wnl.40.4.575.

Roberts, M.S. (1990). What Matters Magnesium?. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 264(19), 2502.American Medical Association (AMA). doi: 10.1001/jama.1990.03450190031014.

Pinson, C.W., Roberts, M.S., Gallik-Karlson, C.A., Stone, M.D., Rohrer, R.J., & Jenkins, R.L. (1989). Reoperative procedures following liver transplantation. Transplant Proc, 21(1 Pt 2), 2334-2336.

Roberts, M.S., Pinson, C.W., Karlson, C., Stone, M., Rohrer, R., & Jenkins, R.L. (1989). Predictors of intraoperative death and long-term survival in liver transplantation: a multistage analysis. Transplant Proc, 21(1 Pt 2), 2439-2442.

Brett, A.S., Roberts, M., Ruderman, A.J., Levin, M.H., Pine, M., Smith, D., Brewster, A.C., Jordan, H.S., Throop, D.M., Panzer, R.J., Dubois, R.W., Rogers, W.H., Draper, D., & Brook, R.H. (1988). Does hospital mortality predict quality?. N Engl J Med, 318(24), 1622-1624.Massachusetts Medical Society. doi: 10.1056/nejm198806163182418.

Friedman, L.S., Roberts, M.S., Brett, A.S., & Marton, K.I. (1988). Management of asymptomatic gallstones in the diabetic patient. A decision analysis. Ann Intern Med, 109(11), 913-919.American College of Physicians. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-109-11-913.

Zarich, S.W., Arbuckle, B.E., Cohen, L.R., Roberts, M., & Nesto, R.W. (1988). Diastolic abnormalities in young asymptomatic diabetic patients assessed by pulsed Doppler echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol, 12(1), 114-120.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/0735-1097(88)90364-6.

Chen, T. The use of computer modeling to simulate randomized control trials as a means to lower pharmaceutical costs. University of Pittsburgh.

Gosto, M. Current allocation policies and disparities within liver and kidney transplantation. University of Pittsburgh.

Miller, S. History and evaluation of outpatient antimicrobial parenteral antibiotic therapy. University of Pittsburgh.

Chhatwal, J., Samur, S., Bethea, E.D., Ayer, T., Kanwal, F., Hur, C., Roberts, M.S., Terrault, N., & Chung, R.T. (2018). Transplanting hepatitis C virus-positive livers into hepatitis C virus-negative patients with preemptive antiviral treatment: A modeling study. In HEPATOLOGY, 67(6), (pp. 2085-2095).Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health).United States. doi: 10.1002/hep.29723.

Iyer, A.K., Zenarosa, G.L., Schaefer, A.J., Chang, C.C.H., Bryce, C.L., & Roberts, M.S. (2011). A biologically based discrete-event simulation model of liver transplantation in the United States for pediatric and adult patients. In Proceedings of the 2011 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC), (pp. 1275-1282).IEEE.Phoenix, AZ. doi: 10.1109/wsc.2011.6147848.

Bryce, C.L., Angus, D.C., Arnold, R.M., Chang, C.C.H., Farrell, M.H., Manzarbeitia, C., Marino, I.R., Kozin, E., & Roberts, M.S. (2009). Sociodemographic Differences in Early Access to Liver Transplantation Services. American Transplant Congress.Boston, MA.

Koppenhaver, R.T., Schaefer, A., Braithwaite, R.S., & Roberts, M. (2009). A simulation model of HIV treatment under drug scarcity constraints. In Proceedings of the 2009 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC), (pp. 2090-2095).IEEE. doi: 10.1109/wsc.2009.5429643.

Alagoz, O., Roberts, M.S., Schaefer, A.J., & Maillart, L.M. (2004). When to accept a living-donor liver. In IIE Annual Conference and Exhibition 2004, (p. 1127).

Shechter, S.M., Schaefer, A.J., Braithwaite, R.S., & Roberts, M.S. (2004). Modeling the progression and treatment of HIV. In Proceedings - Winter Simulation Conference, 2, (pp. 2039-2044).

Kreke, J., Schaefer, A.J., Angus, D.C., Bryce, C.L., & Roberts, M.S. (2002). Incorporating biology into discrete event simulation models of organ allocation. In Winter Simulation Conference Proceedings, 1, (pp. 532-536).IEEE Publications.

Rubenfeld, G.D., Angus, D.C., Pinsky, M.R., Curtis, J.R., Connors, A.F., Bernard, G.R., & Workshop, O.R. (1999). Outcomes research in critical care - Results of the American Thoracic Society Critical Care Assembly Workshop on Outcomes Research. In AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE, 160(1), (pp. 358-367). doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.160.1.9807118.

Stahl, J., Bryce, C., Clermont, G., Roberts, M., Angus, D., & Sefcik, T. (1999). Disease specific changes in total bilirubin in patients on the waiting list for liver transplant. Annual meeting of the American Society of Transplantation.Chicago, IL. doi: 10.1097/00007890-199904150-00793.

Stahl, J.E., Clermont, G., Angus, D.C., Bryce, C.L., Sefcik, T., & Roberts, M.S. (1999). Stability of hospital utilization rates while awaiting liver transplantation. Annual meeting of the American Society of Transplant Surgeons.Chicago, IL. doi: 10.1097/00007890-199905150-00070.

Williams, H., Taylor, R., & Roberts, M. (1998). Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB): a new drug of misuse. In Ir Med J, 91(2), (pp. 56-57).Ireland.

Angel, J.E. (1993). Publication of sponsored symposiums in medical journals. In N Engl J Med, 328(16), (p. 1196).Massachusetts Medical Society.United States. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199304223281612.

Roberts, M.S. (1992). Markov process-based Monte Carlo simulation. In Proceedings of the 24th conference on Winter simulation - WSC '92, (pp. 1034-1040).ACM Press. doi: 10.1145/167293.167816.

Roberts, M.S., Zibrak, J.D., Siders, A., Zullo, N., & Peterson, M. (1989). Development of an on-line, partially automated discharge summary and core clinical data-base in an existing hospital information system. In Proceedings - Annual Symposium on Computer Applications in Medical Care, (pp. 649-653).