Janet Stout

Alexander, K.J., Furlong, J.L., Baron, J.L., Rihs, J.D., Stephenson, D., Perry, J.D., & Stout, J.E. (2021). Evaluation of a new culture medium for isolation of nontuberculous mycobacteria from environmental water samples. In Palusinska-Szysz, M. (Ed.). PLOS ONE, 16(3), e0247166.Public Library of Science (PLoS). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247166.

Hirsh, M., Baron, J.L., Mietzner, S., Rihs, J.D., & Stout, J.E. (2021). Cross-reactivity of the IDEXX Legiolert method with other Gram-negative bacteria and waterborne pathogens leads to false-positive assay results. LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY, 72(6), 750-756.Oxford University Press (OUP). doi: 10.1111/lam.13469.

Baron, J.L., Morris, L., & Stout, J.E. (2020). Control of Legionella in hospital potable water systems. In Decontamination in Hospitals and Healthcare. (pp. 71-100).Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/b978-0-08-102565-9.00004-2.

Hirsh, M.B., Baron, J.L., Mietzner, S.M., Rihs, J.D., Yassin, M.H., & Stout, J.E. (2020). Evaluation of Recommended Water Sample Collection Methods and the Impact of Holding Time on Legionella Recovery and Variability from Healthcare Building Water Systems. MICROORGANISMS, 8(11), 1770.MDPI. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8111770.

Ma, X., Pierre, D., Bibby, K., & Stout, J.E. (2020). Bacterial community structure correlates with Legionella pneumophila colonization of New York City high rise building premises plumbing systems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-WATER RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY, 6(5), 1324-1335.Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). doi: 10.1039/c9ew01084j.

Parkinson, J., Baron, J.L., Hall, B., Bos, H., Racine, P., Wagener, M.M., & Stout, J.E. (2020). Point-of-use filters for prevention of health care-acquired Legionnaires' disease: Field evaluation of a new filter product and literature review. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL, 48(2), 132-138.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2019.09.006.

Orkis, L.T., Peterson, E.R., Brooks, M.M., Mertz, K.J., Harrison, L.H., Stout, J.E., & Greene, S.K. (2019). Simulation of Legionnaires' disease prospective spatiotemporal cluster detection, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, USA. EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION, 147, e29.Cambridge University Press (CUP). doi: 10.1017/S0950268818002789.

Pierre, D., Baron, J.L., Ma, X., Sidari, F.P., Wagener, M.M., & Stout, J.E. (2019). Water Quality as a Predictor of Legionella Positivity of Building Water Systems. PATHOGENS, 8(4), 295.MDPI. doi: 10.3390/pathogens8040295.

Orkis, L.T., Harrison, L.H., Mertz, K.J., Brooks, M.M., Bibby, K.J., & Stout, J.E. (2018). Environmental sources of community-acquired legionnaires' disease: A review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, 221(5), 764-774.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2018.04.013.

Orkis, L.T., Mertz, K.J., Brooks, M.M., Wadowsky, R.M., Gatto, S., Marsh, J.W., Ezeonwuku, C.D., Bibby, K.J., Harrison, L.H., & Stout, J.E. (2018). Cooling Tower Maintenance Practices and Legionella Prevalence, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, 2016. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, 81(5), 16-24.

Pierre, D.M., Baron, J., Yu, V.L., & Stout, J.E. (2017). Diagnostic testing for Legionnaires' disease. ANNALS OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND ANTIMICROBIALS, 16(1), 59.Springer Nature. doi: 10.1186/s12941-017-0229-6.

Baron, J.L., Harris, J.K., Holinger, E.P., Duda, S., Stevens, M.J., Robertson, C.E., Ross, K.A., Pace, N.R., & Stout, J.E. (2015). Effect of monochloramine treatment on the microbial ecology of Legionella and associated bacterial populations in a hospital hot water system. SYSTEMATIC AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY, 38(3), 198-205.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.syapm.2015.02.006.

Duda, S., Baron, J.L., Wagener, M.M., Vidic, R.D., & Stout, J.E. (2015). Lack of correlation between Legionella colonization and microbial population quantification using heterotrophic plate count and adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence measurement. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT, 187(7), 393.Springer Nature. doi: 10.1007/s10661-015-4612-5.

Ma, X., Baron, J.L., Vikram, A., Stout, J.E., & Bibby, K. (2015). Fungal diversity and presence of potentially pathogenic fungi in a hospital hot water system treated with on-site monochloramine. WATER RESEARCH, 71, 197-206.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.12.052.

Baron, J.L., Peters, T., Shafer, R., MacMurray, B., & Stout, J.E. (2014). Field evaluation of a new point-of-use faucet filter for preventing exposure to Legionella and other waterborne pathogens in health care facilities. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL, 42(11), 1193-1196.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2014.08.002.

Baron, J.L., Vikram, A., Duda, S., Stout, J.E., & Bibby, K. (2014). Shift in the Microbial Ecology of a Hospital Hot Water System following the Introduction of an On-Site Monochloramine Disinfection System. In Bereswill, S. (Ed.). PLOS ONE, 9(7), e102679.Public Library of Science (PLoS). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102679.

Duda, S., Kandiah, S., Stout, J.E., Baron, J.L., Yassin, M., Fabrizio, M., Ferrelli, J., Hariri, R., Wagener, M.M., Goepfert, J., Bond, J., Hannigan, J., & Rogers, D. (2014). Evaluation of a New Monochloramine Generation System for Controlling Legionella in Building Hot Water Systems. INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, 35(11), 1356-1363.Cambridge University Press (CUP). doi: 10.1086/678418.

Pierre, D., Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (2014). Editorial commentary: Risk assessment and prediction for health care-associated Legionnaires' disease: Percent distal site positivity as a cut-point. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL, 42(11), 1248-1250.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2014.06.032.

Pierre, D., Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (2014). Editorial commentary: Risk assessment and prediction for health care-associated Legionnaires' disease: Percent distal site positivity as a cut-point. American Journal of Infection Control, 42(11), 1248-1250. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2014.06.032.

Sidari, F.P.I.I.I., Stout, J.E., Duda, S., Grubb, D., & Neuner, A. (2014). Maintaining Legionella control in building water systems. JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION, 106(10), 24-32.Wiley. doi: 10.5942/jawwa.2014.106.0147.

D'Antonio, N.N., Rihs, J.D., Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (2013). Computer keyboard covers impregnated with a novel antimicrobial polymer significantly reduce microbial contamination. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL, 41(4), 337-339.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2012.03.030.

Kandiah, S., Yassin, M.H., & Stout, J. (2013). Monochloramine use for prevention of Legionella in hospital water systems. Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets, 13(3), 184-190.Bentham Science Publishers. doi: 10.2174/1871526511313030006.

Marchesi, I., Ferranti, G., Bargellini, A., Marchegiano, P., Predieri, G., Stout, J.E., & Borella, P. (2013). Monochloramine and chlorine dioxide for controlling Legionella pneumophila contamination: biocide levels and disinfection by-product formation in hospital water networks. JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH, 11(4), 738-747.IWA Publishing. doi: 10.2166/wh.2013.079.

Yu, V.L., & Stout, J.E. (2012). Legionellosis in nursing homes and long-term care facilities: What the Slovenian experience can teach us. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 44(9), 716-719.Taylor & Francis. doi: 10.3109/00365548.2012.713118.

D'Antonio, N., Rihs, J.D., Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (2011). Letter in response to "Revisiting the hand wipe versus gel rub debate: Is a higher ethanol content hand wipe more effective than an ethanol gel rub?" Response. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL, 39(3), 261-262.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2011.02.004.

Duda, S., Stout, J.E., & Vidic, R. (2011). Biological control in cooling water systems using nonchemical treatment devices. HVAC&R RESEARCH, 17(5), 872-890.Taylor & Francis. doi: 10.1080/10789669.2011.587588.

Lin, Y.E., Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (2011). Controlling Legionella in Hospital Drinking Water: An Evidence-Based Review of Disinfection Methods. INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, 32(2), 166-173.Cambridge University Press (CUP). doi: 10.1086/657934.

Lin, Y.E., Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (2011). Prevention of hospital-acquired legionellosis. CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 24(4), 350-356.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0b013e3283486c6e.

D'Antonio, N.N., Rihs, J.D., Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (2010). Revisiting the hand wipe versus gel rub debate: Is a higher-ethanol content hand wipe more effective than an ethanol gel rub?. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL, 38(9), 678-682.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2010.07.002.

Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (2010). Environmental culturing for Legionella: Can we build a better mouse trap?. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL, 38(5), 341-343.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2010.02.002.

Yu, V.L., & Stout, J.E. (2010). Legionella in an Ice Machine May Be a Sentinel for Drinking Water Contamination. INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, 31(3), 317.Cambridge University Press (CUP). doi: 10.1086/651067.

Yu, V.L., & Stout, J.E. (2009). Rapid Diagnostic Testing for Community-Acquired Pneumonia Can Innovative Technology for Clinical Microbiology Be Exploited?. CHEST, 136(6), 1618-1621.Elsevier. doi: 10.1378/chest.09-0939.

Zhang, Z., Mccann, C., Hanrahan, J., Jencson, A., Joyce, D., Fyffe, S., Piesczynski, S., Hawks, R., Stout, J.E., Yu, V.L., & Vidic, R.D. (2009). Legionella control by chlorine dioxide in hospital water systems. JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION, 101(5), 117-+.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/j.1551-8833.2009.tb09894.x.

Yu, V.L., & Stout, J.E. (2008). Community-acquired legionnaires disease: Implications for underdiagnosis and laboratory testing. CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 46(9), 1365-1367.Oxford University Press (OUP). doi: 10.1086/586742.

Yu, V.L., & Stout, J.E. (2008). Preservation of culture collections [1]. Microbe, 3(1), 1.

Stout, J.E. (2007). Preventing Legionellosis. ASHRAE Journal, 49(10), 58-62.

Stout, J.E., Muder, R.R., Mietzner, S., Wagener, M.M., Perri, M.B., DeRoos, K., Goodrich, D., Arnold, W., Williamson, T., Ruark, O., Treadway, C., Eckstein, E.C., Marshall, D., Rafferty, M.E., Sarro, K., Page, J., Jenkins, R., Oda, G., Shimoda, K.J., Zervos, M.J., Bittner, M., Camhi, S.L., Panwalker, A.P., Donskey, C.J., Nguyen, M.H., Holodniy, M., & Yu, V.L. (2007). Role of environmental surveillance in determining the risk of hospital-acquired legionellosis: A national surveillance study with clinical correlations. INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, 28(7), 818-824.Cambridge University Press (CUP). doi: 10.1086/518754.

Zhang, Z., McCann, C., Stout, J.E., Piesczynski, S., Hawks, R., Vidic, R., & Yu, V.L. (2007). Safety and efficacy of chlorine dioxide for Legionella control in a hospital water system. INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, 28(8), 1009-1012.Cambridge University Press (CUP). doi: 10.1086/518847.

Liu, Z., Lin, Y.E., Stout, J.E., Hwang, C.C., Vidic, R.D., & Yu, V.L. (2006). Effect of flow regimes on the presence of Legionella within the biofilm of a model plumbing system. JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY, 101(2), 437-442.Oxford University Press (OUP). doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.02970.x.

Muder, R.R., Brennen, C., Rihs, J.D., Wagener, M.M., Obman, A., Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (2006). Isolation of Staphylococcus aureus from the urinary tract:: Association of isolation with symptomatic urinary tract infection and subsequent staphylococcal bacteremia. CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 42(1), 46-50.Oxford University Press (OUP). doi: 10.1086/498518.

Sheffer, P.J., Stout, J.E., Wagener, M.M., & Muder, R.R. (2005). Efficacy of new point-of-use water filter for preventing exposure to Legionella and waterborne bacteria. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL, 33(5), S20-S25.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2005.03.012.

Squier, C.L., Stout, J.E., Krsytofiak, S., McMahon, J., Wagener, M.M., Dixon, B., & Yu, V.L. (2005). A proactive approach to prevention of health care-acquired Legionnaires' disease: The Allegheny County (Pittsburgh) experience. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL, 33(6), 360-367.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2005.01.012.

Stout, J.E., Sens, K., Mietzner, S., Obman, A., & Yu, V.L. (2005). Comparative activity of quinolones, macrolides and ketolides against Legionella species using in vitro broth dilution and intracellular susceptibility testing. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 25(4), 302-307.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2004.08.019.

Husain, S., Kwak, E.J., Obman, A., Wagener, M.M., Kusne, S., Stout, J.E., McCurry, K.R., & Singh, N. (2004). Prospective assessment of Platelia™ Aspergillus galactomannan antigen for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in lung transplant recipients. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, 4(5), 796-802.Elsevier. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2004.00415.x.

Kwak, E.J., Husain, S., Obman, A., Meinke, L., Stout, J., Kusne, S., Wagener, M.M., & Singh, N. (2004). Efficacy of galactomannan antigen in the platelia Aspergillus enzyme immunoassay for diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in liver transplant recipients. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, 42(1), 435-438.American Society for Microbiology. doi: 10.1128/JCM.42.1.435-438.2004.

Sidari, F.P., Stout, J.E., Vanbriesen, J.M., Bowman, A.M., Grubb, D., Neuner, A., Wagener, M.M., & Yu, V.L. (2004). Keeping Legionella out of water systems. JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION, 96(1), 111-119.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/j.1551-8833.2004.tb10538.x.

Singh, N., Obman, A., Husain, S., Aspinall, S., Mietzner, S., & Stout, J.E. (2004). Reactivity of Platelia Aspergillus galactomannan antigen with piperacillin-tazobactam:: Clinical implications based on achievable concentrations in serum. ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY, 48(6), 1989-1992.American Society for Microbiology. doi: 10.1128/AAC.48.6.1989-1992.2004.

Singh, N., Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (2004). Prevention of Legionnaires' disease in transplant recipients: recommendations for a standardized approach. Transplant Infectious Disease, 6(2), 58-62.Wiley. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2004.062_2.x.

Stout, J.E., & Muder, R.R. (2004). Legionella in residential water systems. ASHRAE JOURNAL, 46(5), 52-54.

Yu, V.L., & Stout, J.E. (2004). Legionella anisa and hospital water systems. Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy, 10(2), 133.Elsevier. doi: 10.1007/s10156-003-0295-x.

Yu, V.L., Greenberg, R.N., Zadeikis, N., Stout, J.E., Khashab, A.A., Olson, W.H., & Tennenberg, A.M. (2004). Levofloxacin efficacy in the treatment of community-acquired legionellosis. CHEST, 125(6), 2135-2139.Elsevier. doi: 10.1378/chest.125.6.2135.

Marrie, T.J., de Carolis, E., Yu, V.L., Stout, J., & Investigators, T.C.C.A.P. (2003). Legionnaires′ Disease ‐ Results of a Multicenter Canadian Study. Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, 14(3), 154-158.Wiley. doi: 10.1155/2003/951567.

Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (2003). Hospital-acquired Legionnaires' disease: new developments. CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 16(4), 337-341.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/00001432-200308000-00005.

Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (2003). Experiences of the first 16 hospitals using copper-silver ionization for Legionella control:: Implications for the evaluation of other disinfection modalities. INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, 24(8), 563-568.Cambridge University Press (CUP). doi: 10.1086/502251.

Lin, Y.S.E., Vidic, R.D., Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (2002). Negative effect of high pH on biocidal efficacy of copper and silver ions in controlling Legionella pneumophila. APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, 68(6), 2711-2715.American Society for Microbiology. doi: 10.1128/AEM.68.6.2711-2715.2002.

Mietzner, S.M., & Stout, J.E. (2002). Laboratory detection of Legionella in environmental samples. Clinical Microbiology Newsletter, 24(11), 81-85.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/s0196-4399(02)80017-4.

Pedro-Botet, M.L., Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (2002). Legionnaires' disease contracted from patient homes: The coming of the third plague?. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 21(10), 699-705.Springer Nature. doi: 10.1007/s10096-002-0813-2.

Singh, N., Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (2002). Legionnaires' disease in a transplant recipient acquired from the patient's home: Implications for management. TRANSPLANTATION, 74(6), 755-756.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/00007890-200209270-00029.

Squier, C., Rihs, J.D., Risa, K.J., Sagnimeni, A., Wagener, M.M., Stout, J., Muder, R.R., & Singh, N. (2002). Staphylococcus aureus rectal carriage and its association with infections in patients in a surgical intensive care unit and a liver transplant unit. INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, 23(9), 495-501.Cambridge University Press (CUP). doi: 10.1086/502095.

Yu, V.L., Plouffe, J.F., Pastoris, M.C., Stout, J.E., Schousboe, M., Widmer, A., Summersgill, J., File, T., Heath, C.M., Paterson, D.L., & Chereshsky, A. (2002). Distribution of Legionella species and serogroups isolated by culture in patients with sporadic community-acquired legionellosis:: An international collaborative survey. JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 186(1), 127-128.Oxford University Press (OUP). doi: 10.1086/341087.

Drenning, S.D., Stout, J.E., Joly, J.R., & Yu, V.L. (2001). Unexpected similarity of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of unrelated clinical isolates of Legionella pneumophila, serogroup 1. JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 183(4), 628-632.Oxford University Press (OUP). doi: 10.1086/318525.

Gao, Y., Zhou, P., Lin, Y.E., Vidic, R.D., & Stout, J.E. (2001). Efficacy of DBNPA against legionella pneumophila: Experimental results in a model water system. ASHRAE Transactions, 107 PART. 1(1), 184-190.

Stout, J.E., & Rihs, J.D. (2001). Legionellosis. In Laboratory Diagnosis of Bacterial Infections. (pp. 635-652).

Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (2001). Legionella in the hospital water supply:: A plea for decision making based on evidence-based medicine. INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, 22(11), 670-672.Cambridge University Press (CUP). doi: 10.1086/501842.

Tan, J.S., File, T.M., DiPersio, J.R., DiPersio, L.P., Hamor, R., Saravolatz, L.D., & Stout, J.E. (2001). Persistently positive culture results in a patient with community-acquired pneumonia due to Legionella pneumophila. CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 32(11), 1562-1566.Oxford University Press (OUP). doi: 10.1086/320526.

Chang, F.Y., Singh, N., Gayowski, T., Wagener, M.M., Mietzner, S.M., Stout, J.E., & Marino, I.R. (2000). Thrombocytopenia in liver transplant recipients - Predictors, impact on fungal infections, and role of endogenous thrombopoietin. TRANSPLANTATION, 69(1), 70-75.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/00007890-200001150-00014.

McEllistrem, M.C., Stout, J.E., & Harrison, L.H. (2000). Simplified protocol for pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of Streptococcus pneumoniae. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, 38(1), 351-353.American Society for Microbiology. doi: 10.1128/jcm.38.1.351-353.2000.

Muder, R.R., Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (2000). Nosocomial Legionella micdadei infection in transplant patients:: Fortune favors the prepared mind. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 108(4), 346-348.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/S0002-9343(00)00320-X.

Squier, C., Yu, V.L., & Stout, J.E. (2000). Waterborne nosocomial infections. Current Infectious Disease Reports, 2(6), 490-496.Springer Nature. doi: 10.1007/s11908-000-0049-1.

Stout, J.E. (2000). Laboratory diagnosis of Legionnaires' disease: The expanding role of the Legionella urinary antigen test. Clinical Microbiology Newsletter, 22(8), 62-64.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/s0196-4399(00)88851-0.

Stout, J.E., Brennen, C., & Muder, R.R. (2000). Legionnaires' disease in a newly constructed long-term care facility. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY, 48(12), 1589-1592.Wiley. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2000.tb03868.x.

Yu, V.L., & Stout, J.E. (2000). Hospital characteristics associated with colonization of water systems by Legionella and risk of nosocomial legionnaires' disease: A cohort study of 15 hospitals [2]. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, 21(7), 434-435. doi: 10.1086/503229.

Lin, A., Stout, J.E., Rihs, J.D., Vickers, R.M., & Yu, V.L. (1999). Improved Legionella selective media by the addition of fluconazole:: Results of in vitro testing and clinical evaluation. DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE, 34(3), 173-175.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/S0732-8893(99)00030-9.

Loeb, M., Simor, A.E., Mandell, L., Krueger, P., McArthur, M., James, M., Walter, S., Richardson, E., Lingley, M., Stout, J., Stronach, D., & McGeer, A. (1999). Two nursing home outbreaks of respiratory infection with Legionella sainthelensi. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY, 47(5), 547-552.Wiley. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1999.tb02568.x.

Edelstein, P.H. (1998). Legionnaires' Disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 338(3), 200-201.Massachusetts Medical Society. doi: 10.1056/nejm199801153380317.

Goetz, A.M., Stout, J.E., Jacobs, S.L., Fisher, M.A., Ponzer, R.E., Drenning, S., & Yu, V.L. (1998). Nosocomial legionnaires' disease discovered in community hospitals following cultures of the water system: Seek and ye shall find. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL, 26(1), 8-11.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/S0196-6553(98)70054-9.

Lin, Y.E., Vidic, R.D., Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (1998). Legionella in water distribution systems. JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION, 90(9), 112-121.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/j.1551-8833.1998.tb08503.x.

Lin, Y.S., Stout, J.E., Yu, V.L., & Vidic, R.D. (1998). Disinfection of water distribution systems for Legionella. Seminars in Respiratory Infections, 13(2), 147-159.

Lin, Y.S.E., Vidic, R.D., Stout, J.E., McCartney, C.A., & Yu, V.L. (1998). Inactivation of Mycobacterium avium by copper and silver ions. WATER RESEARCH, 32(7), 1997-2000.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/S0043-1354(97)00460-0.

Liu, Z.M., Stout, J.E., Boldin, M., Rugh, J., Diven, W.F., & Yu, V.L. (1998). Intermittent use of copper-silver ionization for Legionella control in water distribution systems:: A potential option in buildings housing individuals at low risk of infection. CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 26(1), 138-140.Oxford University Press (OUP). doi: 10.1086/516283.

Stout, J.E., Arnold, B., & Yu, V.L. (1998). Activity of azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, dirithromycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin and erythromycin against Legionella species by intracellular susceptibility testing in HL-60 cells. JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY, 41(2), 289-291.Oxford University Press (OUP). doi: 10.1093/jac/41.2.289.

Stout, J.E., Arnold, B., & Yu, V.L. (1998). Comparative activity of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, and erythromycin against Legionella species by broth microdilution and intracellular susceptibility testing in HL-60 cells. DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE, 30(1), 37-43.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/S0732-8893(97)00174-0.

Stout, J.E., Lin, Y.S.E., Goetz, A.M., & Muder, R.R. (1998). Controlling Legionella in hospital water systems:: Experience with the superheat-and-flush method and copper-silver ionization. INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, 19(12), 911-914.Cambridge University Press (CUP). doi: 10.2307/30142016.

Muder, R.R., Brennen, C., Drenning, S.D., Stout, J.E., & Wagener, M.M. (1997). Multiply antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacilli in a long-term-care facility: A case-control study of patient risk factors and prior antibiotic use. INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, 18(12), 809-813.Cambridge University Press (CUP). doi: 10.1017/s0195941700086513.

Muder, R.R., Brennen, C., Drenning, S.D., Stout, J.E., & Wagener, M.M. (1997). Multiply Antibiotic-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli in a Long-Term-Care Facility: A Case-Control Study of Patient Risk Factors and Prior Antibiotic Use. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, 18(12), 809-813.Cambridge University Press (CUP). doi: 10.2307/30141338.

Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (1997). Legionellosis. NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 337(10), 682-687.Massachusetts Medical Society. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199709043371006.

Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (1997). Eradicating Legionella From Hospital Water. JAMA, 278(17), 1404.American Medical Association (AMA). doi: 10.1001/jama.1997.03550170034024.

Chang, F.Y., Jacobs, S.L., Colodny, S.M., Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (1996). Nosocomial legionnaires' disease caused by Legionella pneumophila serogroup 5: Laboratory and epidemiologic implications. JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 174(5), 1116-1119.Oxford University Press (OUP). doi: 10.1093/infdis/174.5.1116.

Chang, F.Y., Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (1996). Assessment of enzyme immunoassay versus radioimmunoassay for detection of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 antigen in frozen urine specimens. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, 34(10), 2628-2629.American Society for Microbiology. doi: 10.1128/JCM.34.10.2628-2629.1996.

Lin, Y.S.E., Vidic, R.D., Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (1996). Individual and combined effects of copper and silver ions on inactivation of Legionella pneumophila. WATER RESEARCH, 30(8), 1905-1913.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/0043-1354(96)00077-2.

LIU, Z.M., STOUT, J.E., TEDESCO, L., BOLDIN, M., HWANG, C., & YU, V.L. (1995). EFFICACY OF ULTRAVIOLET-LIGHT IN PREVENTING LEGIONELLA COLONIZATION OF A HOSPITAL WATER DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEM. WATER RESEARCH, 29(10), 2275-2280.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/0043-1354(95)00048-P.

TA, A.C., STOUT, J.E., YU, V.L., & WAGENER, M.M. (1995). COMPARISON OF CULTURE METHODS FOR MONITORING LEGIONELLA SPECIES IN-HOSPITAL POTABLE WATER-SYSTEMS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR STANDARDIZATION OF SUCH METHODS. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, 33(8), 2118-2123.American Society for Microbiology. doi: 10.1128/JCM.33.8.2118-2123.1995.

GEORGHIOU, P.R., DOGGETT, A.M., KIELHOFNER, M.A., STOUT, J.E., WATSON, D.A., LUPSKI, J.R., & HAMILL, R.J. (1994). MOLECULAR FINGERPRINTING OF LEGIONELLA SPECIES BY REPETITIVE ELEMENT PCR. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, 32(12), 2989-2994.American Society for Microbiology. doi: 10.1128/JCM.32.12.2989-2994.1994.

LIU, Z.M., STOUT, J.E., TEDESCO, L., BOLDIN, M., HWANG, C., DIVEN, W.F., & YU, V.L. (1994). CONTROLLED EVALUATION OF COPPER-SILVER IONIZATION IN ERADICATING LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA FROM A HOSPITAL WATER DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEM. JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 169(4), 919-922.Oxford University Press (OUP). doi: 10.1093/infdis/169.4.919.

AEBA, R., STOUT, J.E., FRANCALANCIA, N.A., KEENAN, R.J., DUNCAN, A.J., YOUSEM, S.A., BURCKART, G.J., YU, V.L., & GRIFFITH, B.P. (1993). ASPECTS OF LUNG TRANSPLANTATION THAT CONTRIBUTE TO INCREASED SEVERITY OF PNEUMONIA - AN EXPERIMENTAL-STUDY. JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY, 106(3), 449-457.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5223(19)34078-4.

Stout, J.E., & Yu, V.L. (1993). Legionnaire's disease and water distribution systems. Infectious Diseases Newsletter, 12(4), 25-28.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/0278-2316(93)90023-k.

YU, V.L., LIU, Z.M., STOUT, J.E., & GOETZ, A. (1993). LEGIONELLA DISINFECTION OF WATER DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEMS - PRINCIPLES, PROBLEMS, AND PRACTICE. INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, 14(10), 567-570.Cambridge University Press (CUP). doi: 10.1086/646638.

Addiss, D.G., & Davis, J.P. (1992). Sporadic Cases of Legionnaires' Disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 326(25), 1699-1701.Massachusetts Medical Society. doi: 10.1056/nejm199206183262512.

STOUT, J.E., YU, V.L., MURACA, P., JOLY, J., TROUP, N., & TOMPKINS, L.S. (1992). POTABLE WATER AS A CAUSE OF SPORADIC CASES OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED LEGIONNAIRES-DISEASE. NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 326(3), 151-155.Massachusetts Medical Society. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199201163260302.

STOUT, J.E., YU, V.L., YEE, Y.C., VACCARELLO, S., DIVEN, W., & LEE, T.C. (1992). LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA IN RESIDENTIAL WATER-SUPPLIES - ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEILLANCE WITH CLINICAL-ASSESSMENT FOR LEGIONNAIRES-DISEASE. EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION, 109(1), 49-57.

VICKERS, R.M., STOUT, J.E., TOMPKINS, L.S., TROUP, N.J., & YU, V.L. (1992). CEFAMANDOLE-SUSCEPTIBLE STRAINS OF LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA SEROGROUP-1 - IMPLICATIONS FOR DIAGNOSIS AND UTILITY AS AN EPIDEMIOLOGIC MARKER. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, 30(3), 537-539.American Society for Microbiology. doi: 10.1128/JCM.30.3.537-539.1992.

Nguyen, M.H., Stout, J.E., & Vu, V.L. (1991). Legionellosis. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, 5(3), 561-584.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/s0891-5520(20)30406-2.

FANG, G.D., STOUT, J.E., YU, V.L., GOETZ, A., RIHS, J.D., & VICKERS, R.M. (1990). COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA CAUSED BY LEGIONELLA DUMOFFII IN A PATIENT WITH HAIRY-CELL LEUKEMIA. INFECTION, 18(6), 383-385.Springer Nature. doi: 10.1007/BF01646415.

VICKERS, R.M., STOUT, J.E., & YU, V.L. (1990). FAILURE OF A DIAGNOSTIC MONOCLONAL IMMUNOFLUORESCENT REAGENT TO DETECT LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA IN ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES. APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, 56(9), 2912-2914.American Society for Microbiology. doi: 10.1128/AEM.56.9.2912-2914.1990.

LEE, T.C., STOUT, J.E., & YU, V.L. (1988). FACTORS PREDISPOSING TO LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA COLONIZATION IN RESIDENTIAL WATER-SYSTEMS. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, 43(1), 59-62.Taylor & Francis. doi: 10.1080/00039896.1988.9934375.

MURACA, P.W., STOUT, J.E., YU, V.L., & YEE, Y.C. (1988). Legionnaires' Disease in the Work Environment: Implications for Environmental Health. AIHA Journal, 49(11), 584-590.Taylor & Francis. doi: 10.1080/15298668891380268.

MURACA, P.W., YU, V.L., & STOUT, J.E. (1988). ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF LEGIONNAIRES-DISEASE. JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION, 80(2), 78-86.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/j.1551-8833.1988.tb02996.x.

STOUT, J.E., JOLY, J., PARA, M., PLOUFFE, J., CIESIELSKI, C., BLASER, M.J., & YU, V.L. (1988). COMPARISON OF MOLECULAR METHODS FOR SUBTYPING PATIENTS AND EPIDEMIOLOGICALLY LINKED ENVIRONMENTAL ISOLATES OF LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA. JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 157(3), 486-495.Oxford University Press (OUP). doi: 10.1093/infdis/157.3.486.

MURACA, P., STOUT, J.E., & YU, V.L. (1987). COMPARATIVE-ASSESSMENT OF CHLORINE, HEAT, OZONE, AND UV-LIGHT FOR KILLING LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA WITHIN A MODEL PLUMBING SYSTEM. APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, 53(2), 447-453.American Society for Microbiology. doi: 10.1128/AEM.53.2.447-453.1987.

Stout, J.E. (1987). Legionnaires' Disease Acquired Within the Homes of Two Patients. JAMA, 257(9), 1215.American Medical Association (AMA). doi: 10.1001/jama.1987.03390090087029.

Vickers, R.M., Stout, J.E., Yu, V.L., & Rihs, J.D. (1987). Manual of culture methodology for Legionella. Seminars in Respiratory Infections, 2(4), 274-279.

STOUT, J.E., BEST, M.G., & YU, V.L. (1986). SUSCEPTIBILITY OF MEMBERS OF THE FAMILY LEGIONELLACEAE TO THERMAL-STRESS - IMPLICATIONS FOR HEAT ERADICATION METHODS IN WATER DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEMS. APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, 52(2), 396-399.American Society for Microbiology. doi: 10.1128/AEM.52.2.396-399.1986.

STOUT, J.E., BEST, M.G., YU, V.L., & RIHS, J.D. (1986). A NOTE ON SYMBIOSIS OF LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA AND TATLOCKIA-MICDADEI WITH HUMAN RESPIRATORY FLORA. JOURNAL OF APPLIED BACTERIOLOGY, 60(4), 297-299.Wiley. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1986.tb01736.x.

BEST, M.G., STOUT, J.E., YU, V.L., & MUDER, R.R. (1985). TATLOCKIA-MICDADEI (PITTSBURGH PNEUMONIA AGENT) GROWTH-KINETICS MAY EXPLAIN ITS INFREQUENT ISOLATION FROM WATER AND THE LOW PREVALENCE OF PITTSBURGH PNEUMONIA. APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, 49(6), 1521-1522.American Society for Microbiology. doi: 10.1128/AEM.49.6.1521-1522.1985.

STOUT, J.E., YU, V.L., & BEST, M.G. (1985). ECOLOGY OF LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA WITHIN WATER DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEMS. APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, 49(1), 221-228.American Society for Microbiology. doi: 10.1128/AEM.49.1.221-228.1985.

STOUT, J.E., YU, V.L., & MURACA, P. (1985). ISOLATION OF LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA FROM THE COLD WATER OF HOSPITAL ICE MACHINES - IMPLICATIONS FOR ORIGIN AND TRANSMISSION OF THE ORGANISM. INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, 6(4), 141-146.Cambridge University Press (CUP). doi: 10.1017/S0195941700062937.

Best, M., Stout, J., Muder, R., Yu, V., Goetz, A., & Taylor, F. (1983). LEGIONELLACEAE IN THE HOSPITAL WATER-SUPPLY. The Lancet, 322(8345), 307-310.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(83)90290-8.

STOUT, J., YU, V.L., VICKERS, R.M., & SHONNARD, J. (1982). POTABLE WATER-SUPPLY AS THE HOSPITAL RESERVOIR FOR PITTSBURGH PNEUMONIA AGENT. LANCET, 1(8270), 471-472.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(82)91449-0.

STOUT, J., YU, V.L., VICKERS, R.M., ZURAVLEFF, J., BEST, M., BROWN, A., YEE, R.B., & WADOWSKY, R. (1982). UBIQUITOUSNESS OF LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA IN THE WATER-SUPPLY OF A HOSPITAL WITH ENDEMIC LEGIONNAIRES-DISEASE. NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 306(8), 466-468.Massachusetts Medical Society. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198202253060807.

Walter, C.W. (1982). Legionella pneumophila in a Hospital Water Supply. New England Journal of Medicine, 307(6), 379-380.Massachusetts Medical Society. doi: 10.1056/nejm198208053070621.

Brown, A., Shonnard, J., Geyer, S., Rihs, J., Elder, E., Stout, J., Vickers, R., & Yu, V. (1981). COINCIDENT INFECTION WITH LEGIONNAIRES' DISEASE BACTERIUM AND PITTSBURGH PNEUMONIA AGENT. The Lancet, 318(8254), 1041.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(81)91231-9.