headshot of Theodore Huppert

Theodore Huppert

Research Associate Professor
huppert1@pitt.edu
huppertt@upmc.edu
(412) 726-8459
Website Electrical and Computer Engineering

overview

My lab develops multimodal neuroimaging methods including MRI, MEG, EEG, diffuse optical imaging (NIRS) and PET imaging to provide a more complete modality-independent picture of the brain through technology cross-validation, multimodal (statistical) data fusion, and underlying state-space modeling of the cerebral physiology. As part of the core of the MRI research center, we provide support and collaboration to numerous structural and functional MRI studies including the development of real-time fMRI methods and concurrent fMRI-EEG. I am also the imaging core team leader for the University of Pittsburgh’s Human Connectome Project (U01-AG051197; PI Becker) in Alzheimer’s imaging involving MRI, PET, and MEG brain imaging. The specialty of my lab, however, is in diffuse optical spectroscopy and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) methods applied to both unique neuroimaging scenarios (e.g. ambulatory movement, field-deployable, and pediatric brain imaging) and in concurrent multimodal experiments (e.g. NIRS/MEG and NIRS/EEG/fMRI).
NIRS is a non-invasive imaging tool that uses light to measure blood properties in the brain or other tissue. Specifically, biological tissue has low optical absorption to red to near-infrared light, which allows light at these wavelengths to be directed non-invasively into tissue where it can travel (diffusely) up to several centimeters. This technique allows imaging of specific chromophore concentrations such as hemoglobin and lipid from sensors placed on the surface of the skin. My lab develops instrumentation and data analysis methods for collecting near-infrared signals for both muscle physiology and brain imaging applications. In the brain, near-infrared light can be used to non-invasively measure about 5-8mm into the cortex of the brain and is used in both clinical monitoring/assessment and functional neuroscience applications. This is a portable and low-cost alternative to methods like fMRI and has been widely adopted in specific applications such as neuroimaging of movement disorders, child psychology, and bedside monitoring where fMRI methods are less applicable. My lab primarily focuses on novel method development (particularly digital signal processing, image reconstruction, and analysis methods) and we collaborate with numerous groups worldwide to apply this technology. In particular, I wrote the open source analysis package used widely by this community (with currently >1,600 registered users) and am a founding board member for the society for functional NIRS.

Lab website: www.pitt.edu/~huppert1 and www.huppertlab.net
Software tools website: www.bitbucket.org/huppertt/nirs-toolbox

about

PhD, Harvard University

BSc, University of Wisconsin-Madison

Compère, L., Siegle, G.J., Lazzaro, S., Riley, E., Strege, M., Canovali, G., Barb, S., Huppert, T., & Young, K. (2024). Amygdala real-time fMRI neurofeedback upregulation in treatment resistant depression: Proof of concept and dose determination. Behav Res Ther, 176, 104523.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104523.

Okorie, E.C., Santosa, H., Alter, B.J., Chelly, J.E., Vogt, K.M., & Huppert, T.J. (2024). Ipsilateral stimulation shows somatotopy of thumb and shoulder auricular points on the left primary somatosensory cortex using high-density fNIRS. bioRxiv. doi: 10.1101/2024.09.16.612477.

Bruña, R., López-Sanz, D., Maestú, F., Cohen, A.D., Bagic, A., Huppert, T., Kim, T., Roush, R.E., Snitz, B., & Becker, J.T. (2023). MEG Oscillatory Slowing in Cognitive Impairment is Associated with the Presence of Subjective Cognitive Decline. Clin EEG Neurosci, 54(1), 73-81.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/15500594221072708.

Tucker, S., Dubb, J., Kura, S., von Lühmann, A., Franke, R., Horschig, J.M., Powell, S., Oostenveld, R., Lührs, M., Delaire, É., Aghajan, Z.M., Yun, H., Yücel, M.A., Fang, Q., Huppert, T.J., Frederick, B.B., Pollonini, L., Boas, D., & Luke, R. (2023). Introduction to the shared near infrared spectroscopy format. Neurophotonics, 10(1), 013507.SPIE, the international society for optics and photonics. doi: 10.1117/1.NPh.10.1.013507.

Zhai, X., Santosa, H., Krafty, R.T., & Huppert, T.J. (2023). Brain space image reconstruction of functional near-infrared spectroscopy using a Bayesian adaptive fused sparse overlapping group lasso model. Neurophotonics, 10(2), 023516.SPIE, the international society for optics and photonics. doi: 10.1117/1.NPh.10.2.023516.

Alter, B.J., Santosa, H., Nguyen, Q.H., Huppert, T.J., & Wasan, A.D. (2022). Offset analgesia is associated with opposing modulation of medial versus dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activations: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. Mol Pain, 18, 17448069221074991.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/17448069221074991.

Bruña, R., Maestú, F., López-Sanz, D., Bagic, A., Cohen, A.D., Chang, Y.F., Cheng, Y., Doman, J., Huppert, T., Kim, T., Roush, R.E., Snitz, B.E., & Becker, J.T. (2022). Sex Differences in Magnetoencephalography-Identified Functional Connectivity in the Human Connectome Project Connectomics of Brain Aging and Dementia Cohort. Brain Connect, 12(6), 561-570.Mary Ann Liebert. doi: 10.1089/brain.2021.0059.

Hengenius, J.B., Bohnen, N.I., Rosso, A., Huppert, T.J., & Rosano, C. (2022). Cortico-striatal functional connectivity and cerebral small vessel disease: Contribution to mild Parkinsonian signs. J Neuroimaging, 32(2), 352-362.Wiley. doi: 10.1111/jon.12949.

Lanka, P., Bortfeld, H., & Huppert, T.J. (2022). Correction of global physiology in resting-state functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Neurophotonics, 9(3), 035003.SPIE, the international society for optics and photonics. doi: 10.1117/1.NPh.9.3.035003.

Reed, C.A., DuBois, C.K., Hutchison, K.A., Huppert, T.J., & Monfort, S.M. (2022). Influence of serial subtraction tasks on transient characteristics of postural control. Hum Mov Sci, 83, 102950.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2022.102950.

Buss, A.T., Magnotta, V.A., Penny, W., Schöner, G., Huppert, T.J., & Spencer, J.P. (2021). How do neural processes give rise to cognition? Simultaneously predicting brain and behavior with a dynamic model of visual working memory. Psychol Rev, 128(2), 362-395.American Psychological Association (APA). doi: 10.1037/rev0000264.

Cao, J., Huppert, T.J., Grover, P., & Kainerstorfer, J.M. (2021). Enhanced spatiotemporal resolution imaging of neuronal activity using joint electroencephalography and diffuse optical tomography. Neurophotonics, 8(1), 015002.SPIE, the international society for optics and photonics. doi: 10.1117/1.NPh.8.1.015002.

Cohen, A.D., Bruña, R., Chang, Y.F., Cheng, Y., Doman, J., Huppert, T., Kim, T., Maestu, F., Roush, R.E., Snitz, B.E., & Becker, J.T. (2021). Connectomics in Brain Aging and Dementia - The Background and Design of a Study of a Connectome Related to Human Disease. Front Aging Neurosci, 13, 669490.Frontiers. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.669490.

Kim, T., Aizenstein, H.J., Snitz, B.E., Cheng, Y., Chang, Y.F., Roush, R.E., Huppert, T.J., Cohen, A., Doman, J., & Becker, J.T. (2021). Tract Specific White Matter Lesion Load Affects White Matter Microstructure and Their Relationships With Functional Connectivity and Cognitive Decline. Front Aging Neurosci, 13, 760663.Frontiers. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.760663.

Kim, T., Kim, S.Y., Agarwal, V., Cohen, A., Roush, R., Chang, Y.F., Cheng, Y., Snitz, B., Huppert, T.J., Bagic, A., Kamboh, M.I., Doman, J., & Becker, J.T. (2021). Cardiac-induced cerebral pulsatility, brain structure, and cognition in middle and older-aged adults. Neuroimage, 233, 117956.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117956.

Meidenbauer, K.L., Choe, K.W., Cardenas-Iniguez, C., Huppert, T.J., & Berman, M.G. (2021). Load-dependent relationships between frontal fNIRS activity and performance: A data-driven PLS approach. Neuroimage, 230, 117795.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117795.

Morgan, J.K., Santosa, H., Fridley, R.M., Conner, K.K., Hipwell, A.E., Forbes, E.E., & Huppert, T.J. (2021). Postpartum Depression Is Associated With Altered Neural Connectivity Between Affective and Mentalizing Regions During Mother-Infant Interactions. Front Glob Womens Health, 2, 744649.Frontiers. doi: 10.3389/fgwh.2021.744649.

Quiñones-Camacho, L.E., Fishburn, F.A., Belardi, K., Williams, D.L., Huppert, T.J., & Perlman, S.B. (2021). Dysfunction in interpersonal neural synchronization as a mechanism for social impairment in autism spectrum disorder. Autism Res, 14(8), 1585-1596.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/aur.2513.

Shaaban, C.E., Rosano, C., Cohen, A.D., Huppert, T., Butters, M.A., Hengenius, J., Parks, W.T., & Catov, J.M. (2021). Cognition and Cerebrovascular Reactivity in Midlife Women With History of Preeclampsia and Placental Evidence of Maternal Vascular Malperfusion. Front Aging Neurosci, 13, 637574.Frontiers. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.637574.

Zhuang, C., Meidenbauer, K.L., Kardan, O., Stier, A.J., Choe, K.W., Cardenas-Iniguez, C., Huppert, T.J., & Berman, M.G. (2021). Scale Invariance in fNIRS as a Measurement of Cognitive Load. 2021.08.31.458427.Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. doi: 10.1101/2021.08.31.458427.

Zuniga, J.M., Pierce, J.E., Copeland, C., Cortes-Reyes, C., Salazar, D., Wang, Y., Arun, K.M., & Huppert, T. (2021). Brain lateralization in children with upper-limb reduction deficiency. J Neuroeng Rehabil, 18(1), 24.Springer Nature. doi: 10.1186/s12984-020-00803-1.

Chen, N., Huppert, T., Krafty, R., & Rosso, A. (2020). Patterns of Prefrontal Activation and Performance During Walking Tasks Among Older Adults. Innovation in aging, 4(Suppl 1), 792.

de Campos, A.C., Sukal-Moulton, T., Huppert, T., Alter, K., & Damiano, D.L. (2020). Brain activation patterns underlying upper limb bilateral motor coordination in unilateral cerebral palsy: an fNIRS study. Dev Med Child Neurol, 62(5), 625-632.Wiley. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.14458.

Hoppes, C.W., Huppert, T.J., Whitney, S.L., Dunlap, P.M., DiSalvio, N.L., Alshebber, K.M., Furman, J.M., Kwon, Y.H., & Rosso, A.L. (2020). Changes in Cortical Activation During Dual-Task Walking in Individuals With and Without Visual Vertigo. J Neurol Phys Ther, 44(2), 156-163.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/NPT.0000000000000310.

Kim, J., Ruesch, A., Kang, N.R., Huppert, T.J., Kainerstorfer, J., Thiessen, E.D., & Fisher, A.V. (2020). A Paradigm for Measuring Resting State Functional Connectivity in Young Children Using fNIRS and Freeplay. 2020.01.13.904029.Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. doi: 10.1101/2020.01.13.904029.

Meidenbauer, K.L., Choe, K.W., Cardenas-Iniguez, C., Huppert, T.J., & Berman, M.G. (2020). Load-Dependent Relationships between Frontal fNIRS Activity and Performance: A Data-Driven PLS Approach. 2020.08.21.261438.Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. doi: 10.1101/2020.08.21.261438.

Quiñones-Camacho, L.E., Fishburn, F.A., Camacho, M.C., Hlutkowsky, C.O., Huppert, T.J., Wakschlag, L.S., & Perlman, S.B. (2020). Parent-child neural synchrony: a novel approach to elucidating dyadic correlates of preschool irritability. J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 61(11), 1213-1223.Wiley. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.13165.

Santosa, H., Zhai, X., Fishburn, F., Sparto, P.J., & Huppert, T.J. (2020). Quantitative comparison of correction techniques for removing systemic physiological signal in functional near-infrared spectroscopy studies. Neurophotonics, 7(3), 035009.SPIE, the international society for optics and photonics. doi: 10.1117/1.NPh.7.3.035009.

Zhai, X., Santosa, H., & Huppert, T.J. (2020). Using anatomically defined regions-of-interest to adjust for head-size and probe alignment in functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Neurophotonics, 7(3), 035008.SPIE, the international society for optics and photonics. doi: 10.1117/1.NPh.7.3.035008.

Aarabi, A., & Huppert, T.J. (2019). Assessment of the effect of data length on the reliability of resting-state fNIRS connectivity measures and graph metrics. BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING AND CONTROL, 54, 101612.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.bspc.2019.101612.

Chambers, A.J., Haney, J.M., Huppert, T., & Redfern, M.S. (2019). The Effect of Prolonged Walking With Intermittent Standing on Erector Spinae and Soleus Muscle Oxygenation and Discomfort. J Sports Sci Med, 18(2), 337-343.

Fishburn, F.A., Hlutkowsky, C.O., Bemis, L.M., Huppert, T.J., Wakschlag, L.S., & Perlman, S.B. (2019). Irritability uniquely predicts prefrontal cortex activation during preschool inhibitory control among all temperament domains: A LASSO approach. Neuroimage, 184, 68-77.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.09.023.

Grabell, A.S., Huppert, T.J., Fishburn, F.A., Li, Y., Hlutkowsky, C.O., Jones, H.M., Wakschlag, L.S., & Perlman, S.B. (2019). Neural correlates of early deliberate emotion regulation: Young children's responses to interpersonal scaffolding. Dev Cogn Neurosci, 40, 100708.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2019.100708.

Manelis, A., Huppert, T.J., Rodgers, E., Swartz, H.A., & Phillips, M.L. (2019). The role of the right prefrontal cortex in recognition of facial emotional expressions in depressed individuals: fNIRS study. J Affect Disord, 258, 151-158.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.08.006.

Santosa, H., Fishburn, F., Zhai, X., & Huppert, T.J. (2019). Investigation of the sensitivity-specificity of canonical- and deconvolution-based linear models in evoked functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Neurophotonics, 6(2), 025009.SPIE, the international society for optics and photonics. doi: 10.1117/1.NPh.6.2.025009.

Fishburn, F.A., Murty, V.P., Hlutkowsky, C.O., MacGillivray, C.E., Bemis, L.M., Murphy, M.E., Huppert, T.J., & Perlman, S.B. (2018). Putting our heads together: interpersonal neural synchronization as a biological mechanism for shared intentionality. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci, 13(8), 841-849.Oxford University Press (OUP). doi: 10.1093/scan/nsy060.

Grabell, A.S., Huppert, T.J., Fishburn, F.A., Li, Y., Jones, H.M., Wilett, A.E., Bemis, L.M., & Perlman, S.B. (2018). Using facial muscular movements to understand young children's emotion regulation and concurrent neural activation. Dev Sci, 21(5), e12628.Wiley. doi: 10.1111/desc.12628.

Grabell, A.S., Li, Y., Barker, J.W., Wakschlag, L.S., Huppert, T.J., & Perlman, S.B. (2018). Evidence of Non-Linear Associations between Frustration-Related Prefrontal Cortex Activation and the Normal:Abnormal Spectrum of Irritability in Young Children. J Abnorm Child Psychol, 46(1), 137-147.Springer Nature. doi: 10.1007/s10802-017-0286-5.

Hoppes, C.W., Sparto, P.J., Whitney, S.L., Furman, J.M., & Huppert, T.J. (2018). Functional near-infrared spectroscopy during optic flow with and without fixation. In Sakakibara, M. (Ed.). PLoS One, 13(3), e0193710.Public Library of Science (PLoS). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193710.

Hoppes, C.W., Sparto, P.J., Whitney, S.L., Furman, J.M., & Huppert, T.J. (2018). Changes in cerebral activation in individuals with and without visual vertigo during optic flow: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. Neuroimage Clin, 20, 655-663.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.08.034.

Lin, C.C., Barker, J.W., Sparto, P.J., Furman, J.M., & Huppert, T.J. (2018). Correction to: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) brain imaging of multi-sensory integration during computerized dynamic posturography in middle-aged and older adults. Exp Brain Res, 236(4), 1225-1228.Springer Nature. doi: 10.1007/s00221-018-5177-7.

Santosa, H., Zhai, X., Fishburn, F., & Huppert, T. (2018). The NIRS Brain AnalyzIR Toolbox. Algorithms, 11(5), 73.MDPI. doi: 10.3390/a11050073.

Sukal-Moulton, T., de Campos, A.C., Alter, K.E., Huppert, T.J., & Damiano, D.L. (2018). Relationship between sensorimotor cortical activation as assessed by functional near infrared spectroscopy and lower extremity motor coordination in bilateral cerebral palsy. Neuroimage Clin, 20, 275-285.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.07.023.

Whiteman, A.C., Santosa, H., Chen, D.F., Perlman, S., & Huppert, T. (2018). Investigation of the sensitivity of functional near-infrared spectroscopy brain imaging to anatomical variations in 5- to 11-year-old children. Neurophotonics, 5(1), 011009.SPIE, the international society for optics and photonics. doi: 10.1117/1.NPh.5.1.011009.

Alqahtani, B.A., Ferchak, M.A., Huppert, T.J., Sejdic, E., Perera, S., Greenspan, S.L., & Sparto, P.J. (2017). Standing balance and strength measurements in older adults living in residential care communities. Aging Clin Exp Res, 29(5), 1021-1030.Springer Nature. doi: 10.1007/s40520-016-0693-4.

Ghuman, A.S., van den Honert, R.N., Huppert, T.J., Wallace, G.L., & Martin, A. (2017). Aberrant Oscillatory Synchrony Is Biased Toward Specific Frequencies and Processing Domains in the Autistic Brain. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging, 2(3), 245-252.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2016.07.006.

Huppert, T., Barker, J., Schmidt, B., Walls, S., & Ghuman, A. (2017). Comparison of group-level, source localized activity for simultaneous functional near-infrared spectroscopy-magnetoencephalography and simultaneous fNIRS-fMRI during parametric median nerve stimulation. Neurophotonics, 4(1), 015001.SPIE, the international society for optics and photonics. doi: 10.1117/1.NPh.4.1.015001.

Huppert, T.J., Karim, H., Lin, C.C., Alqahtani, B.A., Greenspan, S.L., & Sparto, P.J. (2017). Functional imaging of cognition in an old-old population: A case for portable functional near-infrared spectroscopy. In Chao, L. (Ed.). PLoS One, 12(10), e0184918.Public Library of Science (PLoS). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184918.

Karim, H.T., Huppert, T.J., Erickson, K.I., Wollam, M.E., Sparto, P.J., Sejdić, E., & VanSwearingen, J.M. (2017). Motor sequence learning-induced neural efficiency in functional brain connectivity. Behav Brain Res, 319, 87-95.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.11.021.

Li, Y., Grabell, A.S., Wakschlag, L.S., Huppert, T.J., & Perlman, S.B. (2017). The neural substrates of cognitive flexibility are related to individual differences in preschool irritability: A fNIRS investigation. Dev Cogn Neurosci, 25, 138-144.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2016.07.002.

Lin, C.C., Barker, J.W., Sparto, P.J., Furman, J.M., & Huppert, T.J. (2017). Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) brain imaging of multi-sensory integration during computerized dynamic posturography in middle-aged and older adults. Exp Brain Res, 235(4), 1247-1256.Springer Nature. doi: 10.1007/s00221-017-4893-8.

Rosso, A.L., Cenciarini, M., Sparto, P.J., Loughlin, P.J., Furman, J.M., & Huppert, T.J. (2017). Neuroimaging of an attention demanding dual-task during dynamic postural control. Gait Posture, 57, 193-198.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2017.06.013.

Santosa, H., Aarabi, A., Perlman, S.B., & Huppert, T.J. (2017). Characterization and correction of the false-discovery rates in resting state connectivity using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. J Biomed Opt, 22(5), 55002.SPIE, the international society for optics and photonics. doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.22.5.055002.

Wijeakumar, S., Huppert, T.J., Magnotta, V.A., Buss, A.T., & Spencer, J.P. (2017). Validating an image-based fNIRS approach with fMRI and a working memory task. Neuroimage, 147, 204-218.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.12.007.

Yücel, M.A., Selb, J.J., Huppert, T.J., Franceschini, M.A., & Boas, D.A. (2017). Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy: Enabling Routine Functional Brain Imaging. Curr Opin Biomed Eng, 4, 78-86.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.cobme.2017.09.011.

Aarabi, A., & Huppert, T.J. (2016). Characterization of the relative contributions from systemic physiological noise to whole-brain resting-state functional near-infrared spectroscopy data using single-channel independent component analysis. Neurophotonics, 3(2), 025004.SPIE, the international society for optics and photonics. doi: 10.1117/1.NPh.3.2.025004.

Barker, J.W., Rosso, A.L., Sparto, P.J., & Huppert, T.J. (2016). Correction of motion artifacts and serial correlations for real-time functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Neurophotonics, 3(3), 031410.SPIE, the international society for optics and photonics. doi: 10.1117/1.NPh.3.3.031410.

Harrivel, A.R., Weissman, D.H., Noll, D.C., Huppert, T., & Peltier, S.J. (2016). Dynamic filtering improves attentional state prediction with fNIRS. Biomed Opt Express, 7(3), 979-1002.Optica Publishing Group. doi: 10.1364/BOE.7.000979.

Huppert, T.J. (2016). Commentary on the statistical properties of noise and its implication on general linear models in functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Neurophotonics, 3(1), 010401.SPIE, the international society for optics and photonics. doi: 10.1117/1.NPh.3.1.010401.

Perlman, S.B., Huppert, T.J., & Luna, B. (2016). Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Evidence for Development of Prefrontal Engagement in Working Memory in Early Through Middle Childhood. Cereb Cortex, 26(6), 2790-2799.Oxford University Press (OUP). doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhv139.

Barker, J.W., Panigrahy, A., & Huppert, T.J. (2014). Accuracy of oxygen saturation and total hemoglobin estimates in the neonatal brain using the semi-infinite slab model for FD-NIRS data analysis. Biomed Opt Express, 5(12), 4300-4312.Optica Publishing Group. doi: 10.1364/BOE.5.004300.

Karim, H.T., Sparto, P.J., Aizenstein, H.J., Furman, J.M., Huppert, T.J., Erickson, K.I., & Loughlin, P.J. (2014). Functional MR imaging of a simulated balance task. Brain Res, 1555, 20-27.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.01.033.

Kontos, A.P., Huppert, T.J., Beluk, N.H., Elbin, R.J., Henry, L.C., French, J., Dakan, S.M., & Collins, M.W. (2014). Brain activation during neurocognitive testing using functional near-infrared spectroscopy in patients following concussion compared to healthy controls. Brain Imaging Behav, 8(4), 621-634.Springer Nature. doi: 10.1007/s11682-014-9289-9.

Muhei-aldin, O., VanSwearingen, J., Karim, H., Huppert, T., Sparto, P.J., Erickson, K.I., & Sejdić, E. (2014). An investigation of fMRI time series stationarity during motor sequence learning foot tapping tasks. J Neurosci Methods, 227, 75-82.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2014.02.003.

Perlman, S.B., Luna, B., Hein, T.C., & Huppert, T.J. (2014). fNIRS evidence of prefrontal regulation of frustration in early childhood. Neuroimage, 85 Pt 1(0 1), 326-334.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.04.057.

Schmidt, B.T., Ghuman, A.S., & Huppert, T.J. (2014). Whole brain functional connectivity using phase locking measures of resting state magnetoencephalography. Front Neurosci, 8(8 JUN), 141.Frontiers. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2014.00141.

Yücel, M.A., Evans, K.C., Selb, J., Huppert, T.J., Boas, D.A., & Gagnon, L. (2014). Validation of the hypercapnic calibrated fMRI method using DOT-fMRI fusion imaging. Neuroimage, 102 Pt 2(0 2), 729-735.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.08.052.

Barker, J.W., Aarabi, A., & Huppert, T.J. (2013). Autoregressive model based algorithm for correcting motion and serially correlated errors in fNIRS. Biomed Opt Express, 4(8), 1366-1379.Optica Publishing Group. doi: 10.1364/BOE.4.001366.

Huppert, T., Schmidt, B., Beluk, N., Furman, J., & Sparto, P. (2013). Measurement of brain activation during an upright stepping reaction task using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Hum Brain Mapp, 34(11), 2817-2828.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/hbm.22106.

Huppert, T.J. (2013). History of Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy of Human Tissue. In Optical Methods and Instrumentation in Brain Imaging and Therapy. (pp. 23-56).Springer Nature. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-4978-2_2.

Karim, H., Fuhrman, S.I., Sparto, P., Furman, J., & Huppert, T. (2013). Functional brain imaging of multi-sensory vestibular processing during computerized dynamic posturography using near-infrared spectroscopy. Neuroimage, 74, 318-325.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.02.010.

Karim, H.T., Fuhrman, S.I., Furman, J.M., & Huppert, T.J. (2013). Neuroimaging to detect cortical projection of vestibular response to caloric stimulation in young and older adults using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Neuroimage, 76(1), 1-10.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.02.061.

Gagnon, L., Yücel, M.A., Dehaes, M., Cooper, R.J., Perdue, K.L., Selb, J., Huppert, T.J., Hoge, R.D., & Boas, D.A. (2012). Quantification of the cortical contribution to the NIRS signal over the motor cortex using concurrent NIRS-fMRI measurements. Neuroimage, 59(4), 3933-3940.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.10.054.

Karim, H., Schmidt, B., Dart, D., Beluk, N., & Huppert, T. (2012). Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) of brain function during active balancing using a video game system. Gait Posture, 35(3), 367-372.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.10.007.

Yücel, M.A., Huppert, T.J., Boas, D.A., & Gagnon, L. (2012). Calibrating the BOLD signal during a motor task using an extended fusion model incorporating DOT, BOLD and ASL data. Neuroimage, 61(4), 1268-1276.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.04.036.

Abdelnour, F., & Huppert, T. (2010). A random-effects model for group-level analysis of diffuse optical brain imaging. Biomed Opt Express, 2(1), 1-25.Optica Publishing Group. doi: 10.1364/BOE.2.000001.

Abdelnour, F., Genovese, C., & Huppert, T. (2010). Hierarchical Bayesian regularization of reconstructions for diffuse optical tomography using multiple priors. Biomed Opt Express, 1(4), 1084-1103.Optica Publishing Group. doi: 10.1364/BOE.1.001084.

Sevy, A.B.G., Bortfeld, H., Huppert, T.J., Beauchamp, M.S., Tonini, R.E., & Oghalai, J.S. (2010). Neuroimaging with near-infrared spectroscopy demonstrates speech-evoked activity in the auditory cortex of deaf children following cochlear implantation. Hear Res, 270(1-2), 39-47.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2010.09.010.

Abdelnour, A.F., & Huppert, T. (2009). Real-time imaging of human brain function by near-infrared spectroscopy using an adaptive general linear model. Neuroimage, 46(1), 133-143.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.01.033.

Abdelnour, F., Schmidt, B., & Huppert, T.J. (2009). Topographic localization of brain activation in diffuse optical imaging using spherical wavelets. Phys Med Biol, 54(20), 6383-6413.IOP Publishing. doi: 10.1088/0031-9155/54/20/023.

Huppert, T.J., Allen, M.S., Diamond, S.G., & Boas, D.A. (2009). Estimating cerebral oxygen metabolism from fMRI with a dynamic multicompartment Windkessel model. Hum Brain Mapp, 30(5), 1548-1567.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/hbm.20628.

Huppert, T.J., Jones, P.B., Devor, A., Dunn, A.K., Teng, I.C., Dale, A.M., & Boas, D.A. (2009). Sensitivity of neural-hemodynamic coupling to alterations in cerebral blood flow during hypercapnia. J Biomed Opt, 14(4), 044038.SPIE, the international society for optics and photonics. doi: 10.1117/1.3210779.

Mesquita, R.C., Huppert, T.J., & Boas, D.A. (2009). Exploring neuro-vascular and neuro-metabolic coupling in rat somatosensory cortex. Phys Med Biol, 54(2), 175-185.IOP Publishing. doi: 10.1088/0031-9155/54/2/001.

Becerra, L., Harris, W., Joseph, D., Huppert, T., Boas, D.A., & Borsook, D. (2008). Diffuse optical tomography of pain and tactile stimulation: activation in cortical sensory and emotional systems. Neuroimage, 41(2), 252-259.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.01.047.

Boas, D.A., Jones, S.R., Devor, A., Huppert, T.J., & Dale, A.M. (2008). A vascular anatomical network model of the spatio-temporal response to brain activation. Neuroimage, 40(3), 1116-1129.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.12.061.

Grignon, S., Forget, K., Durand, M., & Huppert, T. (2008). Increased left prefrontal activation during staring/mutism episodes in a patient with resistant catatonic schizophrenia: a near infrared spectroscopy study. Cogn Behav Neurol, 21(1), 41-45.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/WNN.0b013e3181684d87.

Huppert, T.J., Diamond, S.G., & Boas, D.A. (2008). Direct estimation of evoked hemoglobin changes by multimodality fusion imaging. J Biomed Opt, 13(5), 054031.SPIE, the international society for optics and photonics. doi: 10.1117/1.2976432.

Huppert, T.J., Allen, M.S., Benav, H., Jones, P.B., & Boas, D.A. (2007). A multicompartment vascular model for inferring baseline and functional changes in cerebral oxygen metabolism and arterial dilation. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, 27(6), 1262-1279.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600435.

Themelis, G., D'Arceuil, H., Diamond, S.G., Thaker, S., Huppert, T.J., Boas, D.A., & Franceschini, M.A. (2007). Near-infrared spectroscopy measurement of the pulsatile component of cerebral blood flow and volume from arterial oscillations. J Biomed Opt, 12(1), 014033.SPIE, the international society for optics and photonics. doi: 10.1117/1.2710250.

Diamond, S.G., Huppert, T.J., Kolehmainen, V., Franceschini, M.A., Kaipio, J.P., Arridge, S.R., & Boas, D.A. (2006). Dynamic physiological modeling for functional diffuse optical tomography. Neuroimage, 30(1), 88-101.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.09.016.

Franceschini, M.A., Joseph, D.K., Huppert, T.J., Diamond, S.G., & Boas, D.A. (2006). Diffuse optical imaging of the whole head. J Biomed Opt, 11(5), 054007.SPIE, the international society for optics and photonics. doi: 10.1117/1.2363365.

Huppert, T.J., Hoge, R.D., Dale, A.M., Franceschini, M.A., & Boas, D.A. (2006). Quantitative spatial comparison of diffuse optical imaging with blood oxygen level-dependent and arterial spin labeling-based functional magnetic resonance imaging. J Biomed Opt, 11(6), 064018.SPIE, the international society for optics and photonics. doi: 10.1117/1.2400910.

Huppert, T.J., Hoge, R.D., Diamond, S.G., Franceschini, M.A., & Boas, D.A. (2006). A temporal comparison of BOLD, ASL, and NIRS hemodynamic responses to motor stimuli in adult humans. Neuroimage, 29(2), 368-382.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.08.065.

Joseph, D.K., Huppert, T.J., Franceschini, M.A., & Boas, D.A. (2006). Diffuse optical tomography system to image brain activation with improved spatial resolution and validation with functional magnetic resonance imaging. Appl Opt, 45(31), 8142-8151.Optica Publishing Group. doi: 10.1364/ao.45.008142.

Hoge, R.D., Franceschini, M.A., Covolan, R.J.M., Huppert, T., Mandeville, J.B., & Boas, D.A. (2005). Simultaneous recording of task-induced changes in blood oxygenation, volume, and flow using diffuse optical imaging and arterial spin-labeling MRI. Neuroimage, 25(3), 701-707.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.12.032.

Chow, C.C., Chow, C., Raghunathan, V., Huppert, T.J., Kimball, E.B., & Cavagnero, S. (2003). Chain length dependence of apomyoglobin folding: structural evolution from misfolded sheets to native helices. Biochemistry, 42(23), 7090-7099.American Chemical Society (ACS). doi: 10.1021/bi0273056.

Baillargeon, E., Suri, A., Chen, N., Zhu, X., Rosano, C., Sejdic, E., Huppert, T., & Rosso, A. (2021). PREFRONTAL ACTIVATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH GAIT QUALITY DURING AN ATTENTIONAL TASK IN OLDER ADULTS. In INNOVATION IN AGING, 5(Suppl 1), (pp. 978-979).

Hengenius, J., Ehrenkranz, R., Huppert, T., & Rosano, C. (2021). CORTICO-STRIATAL FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY REFLECTS CHANGES IN SUBJECTIVE ENERGY AND TIREDNESS. In INNOVATION IN AGING, 5(Suppl 1), (pp. 369-370).

Hengenius, J., Huppert, T., Rosso, A., & Rosano, C. (2021). MILD PARKINSONIAN SIGNS ARE RELATED TO LOWER CORTICO-STRIATAL CONNECTIVITY IN EXECUTIVE NETWORKS. In INNOVATION IN AGING, 5(Suppl 1), (p. 160).

Rosso, A., Chen, N., Perera, S., Huppert, T., VanSwearingen, J., Brach, J., & Rosano, C. (2021). MOTOR SKILL TRAINING EFFECT ON REAL-TIME PREFRONTAL CORTEX ACTIVATION DURING WALKING. In INNOVATION IN AGING, 5(Suppl 1), (p. 160).

Cao, J., Huppert, T., Grover, P., & Kainerstorfer, J.M. (2020). Joint spatio-temporal neural source reconstruction using electroencephalography and near-infrared spectroscopy. In Optics InfoBase Conference Papers, Part F178-Translational-2020.

Wood, S., Fanta, A., Dosunmu-Ogunbi, A., Ruesch, A., Jonassaint, J., Huppert, T., Novelli, E.M., & Kainerstorfer, J.M. (2020). Quantifying cerebral autoregulation in patients with sickle cell disease using near-infrared spectroscopy. In Optics InfoBase Conference Papers, Part F178-Translational-2020.

Cao, J., Huppert, T.J., Grover, P., & Kainerstorfer, J.M. (2019). Enhanced spatiotemporal reconstruction of neural activities using simultaneous electroencephalography and near-infrared spectroscopy. In JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM, 39, (pp. 480-481).

Santosa, H., Huppert, T.J., & Hong, K.S. (2015). Fast Optical Signals During Median Nerve Stimulation by Using Continuous-Wave NIRS. In 2015 International Conference on Automation, Cognitive Science, Optics, Micro Electro-Mechanical System, and Information Technology (ICACOMIT), (pp. 37-40).Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). doi: 10.1109/icacomit.2015.7440151.

Yücel, M.A., Huppert, T.J., Boas, D.A., & Gagnon, L. (2012). Estimating Hemoglobin Changes with an Extended Fusion Model Incorporating DOT, BOLD and ASL Data. In Biomedical Optics and 3-D Imaging, (p. btu3a.17).Optica Publishing Group. doi: 10.1364/biomed.2012.btu3a.17.

Abdelnour, F., & Huppert, T. (2010). Group Analysis for Functional Optical Brain Imaging using a Random Effects Model. In Optics InfoBase Conference Papers, (p. jma65).Optica Publishing Group. doi: 10.1364/biomed.2010.jma65.

Abdelnour, F., & Huppert, T. (2010). NIRS-Specific Adaptation of the General Linear Model for Statistical Mapping of Brain Activity. In Optics InfoBase Conference Papers, (p. jma61).Optica Publishing Group. doi: 10.1364/biomed.2010.jma61.

Abdelnour, F., & Huppert, T. (2010). NIRS-Specific Adaptation of the General Linear Model for Statistical Mapping of Brain Activity. In Biomedical Optics and 3-D Imaging, (p. JMA61).OSA. doi: 10.1364/biomed.2010.jma61.

Abdelnour, F., & Huppert, T. (2010). Group Analysis for Functional Optical Brain Imaging using a Random Effects Model. In Biomedical Optics and 3-D Imaging, (p. JMA65).OSA. doi: 10.1364/biomed.2010.jma65.

Schmidt, B., Beluk, N., Sparto, P., & Huppert, T. (2010). Near-Infrared Functional Brain Imaging of Prefrontal and Motor Regions During a Step-Reaction Stroop Test. In Optics InfoBase Conference Papers, (p. jma91).Optica Publishing Group. doi: 10.1364/biomed.2010.jma91.

Schmidt, B., Beluk, N., Sparto, P., & Huppert, T. (2010). Near-Infrared Functional Brain Imaging of Prefrontal and Motor Regions During a Step-Reaction Stroop Test. In Biomedical Optics and 3-D Imaging, (p. JMA91).OSA. doi: 10.1364/biomed.2010.jma91.

Huppert, T.J., Diamond, S.G., Franceschini, M.A., & Boas, D.A. (2009). HomER: a review of time-series analysis methods for near-infrared spectroscopy of the brain. In Appl Opt, 48(10), (pp. D280-D298).Optica Publishing Group.United States. doi: 10.1364/ao.48.00d280.

Huppert, T.J., Diamond, S.G., & Boas, D.A. (2008). Optically-Calibrated Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. In Biomedical Optics, (p. bsud8).Optica Publishing Group. doi: 10.1364/biomed.2008.bsud8.

Mesquita, R.C., Yucel, M.A., Akin, A., Devor, A., Huppert, T., & Boas, D.A. (2008). Investigating neurovascular coupling in rat brain with optical imaging and physiological modeling. In Biomedical Optics, (p. bmd3).Optica Publishing Group. doi: 10.1364/biomed.2008.bmd3.

Allen, M.S., Huppert, T.J., & Boas, D.A. (2006). Estimating CMRO2 with multi-modality imaging using a multi-compartment vascular model. In Optics InfoBase Conference Papers.

Huppert, T.J., Diamond, S.G., & Boas, D.A. (2006). Quantitative estimation of cerebral hemodynamic changes through the multimodality fusion of BOLD and diffuse optical tomography. In Optics InfoBase Conference Papers.

Joseph, D.K., Huppert, T.J., Franceschini, M.A., & Boas, D.A. (2006). Design and validation of a diffuse optical tomography system with improved spatial resolution for functional brain imaging. In Optics InfoBase Conference Papers.

Nissilä, I., Stufflebeam, S., Diamond, S.G., Huppert, T., Hämäläinen, M., & Franceschini, M.A. (2006). Responses to Median Nerve Stimulation as Recorded by Simultaneous Diffuse Optical Imaging and Magnetoencephalography. In Optics InfoBase Conference Papers, (p. sc6).Optica Publishing Group. doi: 10.1364/bio.2006.sc6.

Nissilä, I., Stufflebeam, S., Diamond, S.G., Huppert, T., Hämäläinen, M., & Franceschini, M.A. (2006). Responses to Median Nerve Stimulation as Recorded by Simultaneous Diffuse Optical Imaging and Magnetoencephalography. In Biomedical Optics, (p. SC6).OSA. doi: 10.1364/bio.2006.sc6.

Themelis, G., D’Arceuil, H., Diamond, S.G., Thaker, S., James, T., Boas, H.D., & Franceschini, M.A. (2006). NIRS measurement of the pulsatile component of cerebral blood flow and volume from the arterial oscillations. In Optics InfoBase Conference Papers, (p. sh26).Optica Publishing Group. doi: 10.1364/bio.2006.sh26.

Themelis, G., D’Arceuil, H., Diamond, S.G., Thaker, S., James, T., Boas, H.D., & Franceschini, M.A. (2006). NIRS measurement of the pulsatile component of cerebral blood flow and volume from the arterial oscillations. In Biomedical Optics, (p. SH26).OSA. doi: 10.1364/bio.2006.sh26.

Diamond, S.G., Huppert, T.J., Kolehmainen, V., Franceschini, M.A., Kaipio, J.P., Arridge, S.R., & Boas, D.A. (2005). Physiological system identification with the Kalman filter in diffuse optical tomography. In Med Image Comput Comput Assist Interv, 8(Pt 2), (pp. 649-656).Springer Nature.Germany. doi: 10.1007/11566489_80.

Huppert, T.J., Hoge, R.D., Franceschini, M.A., & Boas, D.A. (2005). A spatial-temporal comparison of fMRI and NIRS hemodynamic responses to motor stimuli in adult humans. In Chance, B., Alfano, R.R., Tromberg, B.J., Tamura, M., & Sevick-Muraca, E.M. (Eds.). In Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering, 5693, (pp. 191-202).SPIE, the international society for optics and photonics. doi: 10.1117/12.612143.