headshot of Savio Woo

Savio Woo

Distinguished University Professor Emeritus
Bioengineering Department

about

(2023) Emeritus Fellow – Biomedical Engineering Society (BMES).

(2022) Honorary Membership Medal – American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME).

(2021) Fellow - International Academy of Medical and Biological Engineering (IAMBE).

(2020) Honored Professor – Orthopaedic Summit 2020 Evolving Techniques (OSET) Digital.

(2018) Inaugural Class of Fellows – Orthopaedic Research Society (ORS).

(2017) The Magnolia Award Chinese Sports Medicine – Chinese Association of Sports Medicine, Chinese Society of Sports Medicine.

(2015) Honored Professor – Orthopaedic Summit 2015 Evolving Techniques (OSET).

(2014) Founding Member – Asia-Pacific Knee, Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine Society (APKASS).

(2012) Inaugural Class of Fellows – American Society of Biomechanics (ASB).

(2012) IEEE Gold Medal for Innovations in Healthcare Technology - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

(2008) Diamond Award "Distinguished Achievement in Academia" - University of Washington College of Engineering.

(2007) Mechanical Engineering Department Hall of Fame - University of Washington.

(2007) Life Fellow - American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME).

(2007) Founding President - World Association for Chinese Biomedical Engineers (WACBE).

(2007) Lifetime Achievement Award - Bay Area Knee Society.

(2006) Life Sciences Award - Carnegie Science Center 2006 Awards for Excellence.

(2005) Achilles Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Research Award - International Society of Arthroscopy, Knee Surgery and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine.

(2005) Robert Henry Thurston Lecture Award - American Society of Mechanical Engineering.

(2005) Board of Visitors Faculty Award - University of Pittsburgh, School of Engineering.

(2005) Presidential Guest Speaker - "Godfather" Lecture - Herodicus Society.

(2005) Distinguished Lecturer Award - Biomedical Engineering Society.

(2005) Inaugural Class of Fellows - Biomedical Engineering Society.

(2003) School of Engineering Hall of Fame - University of Pittsburgh.

(2002) Aircast Basic Science Research Award - American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine.

(2002) Richard O'Connor Award - Arthroscopy Association of North America.

(2002) Excellence in Research Award - The American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine.

(2002) Centenary Professor - The Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland.

(2000) Resident/Fellow Essay Award - Arthroscopy Association of North America.

(2000) Hughston Award - Most outstanding paper that appeared in The American Journal of Sports Medicine for the year.

(2000) Distinguished Alumni Award - College of Engineering, Computer Science and Technology, California State University, Chico.

(1999) Cabaud Memorial Award - American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine.

(1999) Chancellor's Distinguished Research Award - University of Pittsburgh.

(1999) Albert Trillat Young Investigator Award - International Society of Arthroscopy, Knee Surgery and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine.

(1999) The Hallvard 1999 Annual Award - Ola Grimsby Institute.

(1998) Olympic Gold Medal - Nagano Winter Olympic Games.

(1998) IOC Prize for Sports Science - The International Olympic Committee.

(1998 - 2002) Chairman - The World Council for Biomechanics (WCB).

(1998) Honored Guest - 62nd Dapper Dan Charities Dinner, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

(1997) The O'Donoghue Sports Injury Research Award - The American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine.

(1996) Inaugural Gesellschaft für Orthopädisch-Traumatologische Sportmedizin (GOTS)-Beiersdorf AG Research Award - First Prize Winner.

(1995) Muybridge Medal - International Society of Biomechanics.

(1994 - 1997) Chairman - U.S. National Committee on Biomechanics (USNCB).

(1993) Giovanni Borelli Award - The American Society of Biomechanics.

(1993) Excellence in Research Award - The American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine.

(1992) World Renowned Foreign Scholars Lectureship Award - National Science Council, Dept. of State, Republic of China (Taiwan).

(1992 - 1994) Founding Chairman - College of Fellows, American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering.

(1992) World Renowned Foreign Scholars Lectureship Award, National Science Council, Dept. of State, Republic of China.

(1991) H.R. Lissner Medal - American Society for Mechanical Engineers.

(1990) Excellence in Clinical Science Research Award - The American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine.

(1990) The O'Donoghue Sports Injury Research Award - The American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine.

(1990) Founding Fellow - American Institute for Medical & Biological Engineering.

(1990 - 1992) President - International Society for Fracture Repair.

(1989) Sumner-Koch Award - Chicago Society for Surgery of the Hand: For paper to have the greatest clinical significance.

(1989) Phi Beta Delta, Honor Society for International Scholars.

(1988) Citation Award - American College of Sports Medicine.

(1987) Government Fellowship Award - Japan Ministry of Education.

(1986 - 1987) Chairman - Bioengineering Division, American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

(1986) Honorary Editor - Chinese Biomechanics Magazine.

(1986) Excellence in Sports Science Research Award - The American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine.

(1985 - 1986) President - The Orthopaedic Research Society.

(1985 - 1986) President - The American Society of Biomechanics.

(1983) Elizabeth Winston Lanier Kappa Delta Award for Outstanding Orthopaedic Research - Orthopaedic Research Society/American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.

(1983) Excellence in Basic Science Research Award - The American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine.

(1983) Visiting Lecturer Award - Alberta Heritage Medical Research Foundation.

(1981) Fellowship Award - Japan Society for Promotion of Science.

(1979) Orthopaedic Science and Bioengineering Group - 1st U.S. Delegation to People's Republic of China.

(1977 - 1982) Research Career Development Award - NIH/USPHS.

(1967) Sigma Xi.

(1962) Blue Key National Honor Society.

(1962) Phi Kappa Phi Honor Society.

(1962) American Society of Testing and Materials (Student Membership Award).

(1961) Outstanding Undergraduate Engineer.

Ph.D., Bioengineering, Univ. of Washington, 1971

B.S., Mechanical Engineering, Chico State College, 1965

M.S., Mechanical Engineering, Univ. of Washington, 1966

Cheng, C.K., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2020). Frontiers in Orthopaedic Biomechanics. In Cheng, C.K., & Woo, S.L.Y. (Eds.). 1-425.Springer Nature Singapore. doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-3159-0.

Cheng, C.K., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2020). Introduction. ix-xi.

Mau, J.R., Hawkins, K.M., Woo, S.L.Y., Kim, K.E., & McCullough, M.B.A. (2020). Design of a new magnesium-based anterior cruciate ligament interference screw using finite element analysis. J Orthop Translat, 20, 25-30.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.jot.2019.09.003.

Wang, H., Liu, B., Qi, X., Woo, S.L.Y., & Cheng, C.K. (2020). Biomechanics of the Knee. In Frontiers in Orthopaedic Biomechanics. (pp. 189-218).Springer Nature. doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-3159-0_9.

Woo, S.L.Y. (2020). In Memoriam of Yuan-Cheng "Bert" Fung. J Biomech, 110, 109911.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109911.

Woo, S.L.Y. (2020). In the Memory of Yuan-Cheng "Bert" Fung, Ph.D. September 15, 1919 - December 15, 2019 The Father of Modern Biomechanics and A 5G Man (Genius, Giant, Generous, Genuine and Gentle). J Orthop Translat, 23, A2-A3.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.jot.2020.07.002.

Wang, H., Kang, H., Yao, J., Cheng, C.K., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2019). Evaluation of a magnesium ring device for mechanical augmentation of a ruptured ACL: Finite element analysis. Clin Biomech (Bristol), 68, 122-127.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2019.06.002.

Woo, S.L.Y. (2019). A Tribute to our Centenarian Yuan-Cheng Fung Father of Modern Biomechanics and a 3G Man. J Biomech Eng, 141(9).ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.4044066.

Woo, S.L.Y. (2019). A Tribute to Our Centenarian Yuan-Cheng Fung: Father of Modern Biomechanics. J Biomech Eng, 141(9). doi: 10.1115/1.4044066.

Woo, S.L.Y., & Sites, T.J. (2018). Collagen. In Collagen: Volume II: Biochemistry and Biomechanics. (pp. 223-241).Taylor & Francis. doi: 10.1201/9781351070782.

Mau, J.R., Wang, H., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2017). The Use of a Large Animal Model and Robotic Technology to Validate New Biotherapies for ACL Healing. In Bio-orthopaedics. (pp. 185-196).Springer Nature. doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-54181-4_15.

Farraro, K.F., Sasaki, N., Woo, S.L.Y., Kim, K.E., Tei, M.M., Speziali, A., & McMahon, P.J. (2016). Magnesium ring device to restore function of a transected anterior cruciate ligament in the goat stifle joint. J Orthop Res, 34(11), 2001-2008.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.23210.

Li, Z.M., Wang, J.H.C., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2016). Biomechanics and mechanobiology of ligaments and tendons. Yiyong Shengwu Lixue/Journal of Medical Biomechanics, 31(4), 301-307. doi: 10.3871/j.1004-7220.2016.04.301.

Liang, R., Yang, G., Kim, K.E., D'Amore, A., Pickering, A.N., Zhang, C., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2015). Positive effects of an extracellular matrix hydrogel on rat anterior cruciate ligament fibroblast proliferation and collagen mRNA expression. J Orthop Translat, 3(3), 114-122.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.jot.2015.05.001.

Nguyen, D.T., Dellbrügge, S., Tak, P.P., Woo, S.L.Y., Blankevoort, L., & van Dijk, N.C. (2015). Histological characteristics of ligament healing after bio-enhanced repair of the transected goat ACL. J Exp Orthop, 2(1), 4.Wiley. doi: 10.1186/s40634-015-0021-5.

Woo, L.Y.S., Farraro, K.F., Flowers, J.R., & Chen, C. (2015). Measuring in vivo joint motion and ligament function: New developments. In Sports Injuries: Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation, Second Edition. (pp. 21-31). doi: 10.1007/10.1007/978-3-642-36569-0_3.

Woo, S.L.Y. (2015). In memoriam: Cyril B. Frank, MD (1949-2015). J Orthop Res, 33(12), 1739-1740.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.23076.

Woo, S.L.Y., Kim, K.E., & Farraro, K.F. (2015). Orthopedic research in the year 2025. In Sports Injuries: Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation, Second Edition. (pp. 3203-3216). doi: 10.1007/10.1007/978-3-642-36569-0_259.

Farraro, K.F., Kim, K.E., Woo, S.L.Y., Flowers, J.R., & McCullough, M.B. (2014). Revolutionizing orthopaedic biomaterials: The potential of biodegradable and bioresorbable magnesium-based materials for functional tissue engineering. J Biomech, 47(9), 1979-1986.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.12.003.

Kim, K.E., Hsu, S.L., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2014). Tensile properties of the medial patellofemoral ligament: the effect of specimen orientation. J Biomech, 47(2), 592-595.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.11.026.

Sasaki, N., Farraro, K.F., Kim, K.E., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2014). Biomechanical evaluation of the quadriceps tendon autograft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a cadaveric study. Am J Sports Med, 42(3), 723-730.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0363546513516603.

Nguyen, D.T., Geel, J., Schulze, M., Raschke, M.J., Woo, S.L.Y., van Dijk, C.N., & Blankevoort, L. (2013). Healing of the goat anterior cruciate ligament after a new suture repair technique and bioscaffold treatment. Tissue Eng Part A, 19(19-20), 2292-2299.Mary Ann Liebert. doi: 10.1089/ten.TEA.2012.0535.

Tei, M.M., Farraro, K.F., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2013). Ligament and Tendon Enthesis: Anatomy and Mechanics. In Structural Interfaces and Attachments in Biology. 9781461433170, (pp. 69-89).Springer Nature. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-3317-0_4.

Torry, M.R., Shelburne, K.B., Myers, C., Giphart, J.E., Pennington, W.W., Krong, J.P., Peterson, D.S., Steadman, J.R., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2013). High knee valgus in female subjects does not yield higher knee translations during drop landings: a biplane fluoroscopic study. J Orthop Res, 31(2), 257-267.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.22217.

Fisher, M.B., Liang, R., Jung, H.J., Kim, K.E., Zamarra, G., Almarza, A.J., McMahon, P.J., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2012). Potential of healing a transected anterior cruciate ligament with genetically modified extracellular matrix bioscaffolds in a goat model. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc, 20(7), 1357-1365.Wiley. doi: 10.1007/s00167-011-1800-x.

Myers, C.A., Torry, M.R., Shelburne, K.B., Giphart, J.E., LaPrade, R.F., Woo, S.L.Y., & Steadman, J.R. (2012). In vivo tibiofemoral kinematics during 4 functional tasks of increasing demand using biplane fluoroscopy. Am J Sports Med, 40(1), 170-178.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0363546511423746.

Prantil, R.K., Xiu, K., Kim, K.E., Gaitan, D.M., Sacks, M.S., Woo, S.L.Y., & Li, Z.M. (2012). Fiber orientation of the transverse carpal ligament. Clin Anat, 25(4), 478-482.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/ca.21257.

Woo, S.L.Y., & Kim, K.E. (2012). Orthopaedic Research in the Year 2020. In Sports Injuries. (pp. 1209-1215).Springer Nature. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-15630-4_160.

Woo, S.L.Y., Jung, H.J., & Fisher, M.B. (2012). Biomechanical Variation of Double-Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. In Sports Injuries. (pp. 355-361).Springer Nature. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-15630-4_48.

Fisher, M.B., Jung, H.J., McMahon, P.J., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2011). Suture augmentation following ACL injury to restore the function of the ACL, MCL, and medial meniscus in the goat stifle joint. J Biomech, 44(8), 1530-1535.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.02.141.

Jung, H.J., Vangipuram, G., Fisher, M.B., Yang, G., Hsu, S., Bianchi, J., Ronholdt, C., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2011). The effects of multiple freeze-thaw cycles on the biomechanical properties of the human bone-patellar tendon-bone allograft. J Orthop Res, 29(8), 1193-1198.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.21373.

Liang, R., Fisher, M., Yang, G., Hall, C., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2011). Alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout does not alter the properties of porcine extracellular matrix bioscaffolds. Acta Biomater, 7(4), 1719-1727.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.01.001.

Myers, C.A., Torry, M.R., Peterson, D.S., Shelburne, K.B., Giphart, J.E., Krong, J.P., Woo, S.L.Y., & Steadman, J.R. (2011). Measurements of tibiofemoral kinematics during soft and stiff drop landings using biplane fluoroscopy. Am J Sports Med, 39(8), 1714-1722.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0363546511404922.

Torry, M.R., Myers, C., Pennington, W.W., Shelburne, K.B., Krong, J.P., Giphart, J.E., Steadman, J.R., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2011). Relationship of anterior knee laxity to knee translations during drop landings: a bi-plane fluoroscopy study. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc, 19(4), 653-662.Wiley. doi: 10.1007/s00167-010-1327-6.

Torry, M.R., Myers, C., Shelburne, K.B., Peterson, D., Giphart, J.E., Pennington, W.W., Krong, J.P., Woo, S.L.Y., & Steadman, J.R. (2011). Relationship of knee shear force and extensor moment on knee translations in females performing drop landings: a biplane fluoroscopy study. Clin Biomech (Bristol), 26(10), 1019-1024.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2011.06.010.

Torry, M.R., Shelburne, K.B., Peterson, D.S., Giphart, J.E., Krong, J.P., Myers, C., Steadman, J.R., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2011). Knee kinematic profiles during drop landings: a biplane fluoroscopy study. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 43(3), 533-541.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181f1e491.

Woo, S.L.Y., Almarza, A.J., Karaoglu, S., Liang, R., & Fisher, M.B. (2011). Functional Tissue Engineering of Ligament and Tendon Injuries. In Principles of Regenerative Medicine. (pp. 997-1021).Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-381422-7.10054-9.

Fisher, M.B., Jung, H.J., McMahon, P.J., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2010). Evaluation of bone tunnel placement for suture augmentation of an injured anterior cruciate ligament: effects on joint stability in a goat model. J Orthop Res, 28(10), 1373-1379.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.21141.

Hsu, S.L., Liang, R., & Woo, S.L. (2010). Functional tissue engineering of ligament healing. Sports Med Arthrosc Rehabil Ther Technol, 2, (p. 12).England. doi: 10.1186/1758-2555-2-12.

Zamarra, G., Fisher, M.B., Woo, S.L.Y., & Cerulli, G. (2010). Biomechanical evaluation of using one hamstrings tendon for ACL reconstruction: a human cadaveric study. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc, 18(1), 11-19.Wiley. doi: 10.1007/s00167-009-0911-0.

Chien, S., Chen, P.C.Y., Schmid-Schönbein, G.W., Tong, P., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2009). Tributes to Yuan-Cheng Fung on His 90th Birthday. In Chien, S., Chen, P.C.Y., Schmid - Schönbein, G.W., Tong, P., & Woo, S.L.Y. (Eds.). 1-351.World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. doi: 10.1142/9789814289955.

Darcy, S.P., Gil, J.E., Woo, S.L.Y., & Debski, R.E. (2009). The importance of position and path repeatability on force at the knee during six-DOF joint motion. Med Eng Phys, 31(5), 553-557.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2008.11.001.

Jung, H.J., Fisher, M.B., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2009). Role of biomechanics in the understanding of normal, injured, and healing ligaments and tendons. Sports Med Arthrosc Rehabil Ther Technol, 1(1), 9.Springer Nature. doi: 10.1186/1758-2555-1-9.

Marx, R.G., Karlsson, J., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2009). Clinical decision making based on evidence. Arthroscopy, 25(3), 224.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.arthro.2008.12.013.

Nguyen, T.D., Liang, R., Woo, S.L., Burton, S.D., Wu, C., Almarza, A., Sacks, M.S., & Abramowitch, S. (2009). Effects of cell seeding and cyclic stretch on the fiber remodeling in an extracellular matrix-derived bioscaffold. Tissue engineering. Part A, 15(4), 957-63.

Nguyen, T.D., Liang, R., Woo, S.L.Y., Burton, S.D., Wu, C., Almarza, A., Sacks, M.S., & Abramowitch, S. (2009). Effects of cell seeding and cyclic stretch on the fiber remodeling in an extracellular matrix-derived bioscaffold. Tissue Eng Part A, 15(4), 957-963.Mary Ann Liebert. doi: 10.1089/ten.tea.2007.0384.

Woo, S.L.Y. (2009). Tissue engineering: use of scaffolds for ligament and tendon healing and regeneration. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc, 17(6), 559-560.Wiley. doi: 10.1007/s00167-009-0776-2.

WOO, S.L.Y. (2009). DR. Y. C. FUNG: MY RESPECTED MENTOR AND CHERISHED FRIEND. In Tributes to Yuan-Cheng Fung on His 90th Birthday. (pp. 301-316).World Scientific Publishing. doi: 10.1142/9789814289955_0028.

Woo, S.L.Y., & Fisher, M.B. (2009). Evaluation of knee stability with use of a robotic system. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 91 Suppl 1(Suppl 1), 78-84.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.H.01371.

Woo, S.L.Y., Liang, R., & Fisher, M.B. (2009). Future of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Soft Tissue Healing: The Important Role of Engineering. CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOENGINEERING, 2(3), 448-461.Springer Nature. doi: 10.1007/s12195-009-0065-7.

Wu, C., Noorani, S., Vercillo, F., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2009). Tension patterns of the anteromedial and posterolateral grafts in a double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. J Orthop Res, 27(7), 879-884.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.20822.

Abramowitch, S., Redfern, M., Debski, R., Almarza, A., Borovetz, H., Hardesty, R.L., & Woo, S. (2008). Intramural research internship: A requirement of the undergraduate bioengineering curriculum at the University of Pittsburgh. ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference Proceedings, 13-15.

Almarza, A.J., Augustine, S.M., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2008). Changes in gene expression of matrix constituents with respect to passage of ligament and tendon fibroblasts. Ann Biomed Eng, 36(12), 1927-1933.Springer Nature. doi: 10.1007/s10439-008-9565-1.

Almarza, A.J., Yang, G., Woo, S.L.Y., Nguyen, T., & Abramowitch, S.D. (2008). Positive changes in bone marrow-derived cells in response to culture on an aligned bioscaffold. Tissue Eng Part A, 14(9), 1489-1495.Mary Ann Liebert. doi: 10.1089/ten.tea.2007.0422.

Karaoglu, S., B Fisher, M., Woo, S.L.Y., Fu, Y.C., Liang, R., & Abramowitch, S.D. (2008). Use of a bioscaffold to improve healing of a patellar tendon defect after graft harvest for ACL reconstruction: A study in rabbits. J Orthop Res, 26(2), 255-263.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.20471.

Liang, R., Woo, S.L.Y., Nguyen, T.D., Liu, P.C., & Almarza, A. (2008). Effects of a bioscaffold on collagen fibrillogenesis in healing medial collateral ligament in rabbits. J Orthop Res, 26(8), 1098-1104.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.20616.

Woo, S.L.Y., Almarza, A.J., Karaoglu, S., & Abramowitch, S.D. (2008). Functional Tissue Engineering of Ligament and Tendon Injuries. In Principles of Regenerative Medicine. (pp. 1206-1231).Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/b978-012369410-2.50073-5.

Woo, S.L.Y., Fisher, M.B., & Feola, A.J. (2008). Contribution of biomechanics to management of ligament and tendon injuries. Mol Cell Biomech, 5(1), 49-68.

Zhang, X., Jiang, G., Wu, C., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2008). A subject-specific finite element model of the anterior cruciate ligament. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc, 2008, 891-894.IEEE. doi: 10.1109/IEMBS.2008.4649297.

Zhang, X., Wu, C., Jiang, G., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2008). The effects of geometry and fiber bundle orientation on the finite element modeling of the anterior cruciate ligament. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc, 2008, 899-902.IEEE. doi: 10.1109/IEMBS.2008.4649299.

Abramowitch, S.D., Fisher, M.B., Karaoglu, S., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2007). The Mechanical and Viscoelastic Properties of the Healing Rabbit Patellar Tendon. ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference, (pp. 895-896).ASME International.Keystone, CO. doi: 10.1115/sbc2007-176183.

Giffin, J.R., Stabile, K.J., Zantop, T., Vogrin, T.M., Woo, S.L.Y., & Harner, C.D. (2007). Importance of tibial slope for stability of the posterior cruciate ligament deficient knee. Am J Sports Med, 35(9), 1443-1449.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0363546507304665.

Gilbert, T.W., Stewart-Akers, A.M., Sydeski, J., Nguyen, T.D., Badylak, S.F., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2007). Gene expression by fibroblasts seeded on small intestinal submucosa and subjected to cyclic stretching. Tissue Eng, 13(6), 1313-1323.Mary Ann Liebert. doi: 10.1089/ten.2006.0318.

Renström, P.A.F.H., & Woo, S.L. (2007). Tendinopathy: A Major Medical Problem in Sport. In Tendinopathy in Athletes. 12, (pp. 1-9).Wiley. doi: 10.1002/9780470757987.ch1.

Vercillo, F., Woo, S.L.Y., Noorani, S.Y., & Dede, O. (2007). Determination of a safe range of knee flexion angles for fixation of the grafts in double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a human cadaveric study. Am J Sports Med, 35(9), 1513-1520.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0363546507300822.

Wang, J.H., Woo, S.L., Hsu, W., & Stone, D.A. (2007). Mechanobiologic Studies of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Tendinopathy. In Tendinopathy in Athletes. 12, (pp. 85-100).Wiley. doi: 10.1002/9780470757987.ch7.

Woo, S.L.Y., Renström, P., & Arnoczky, S.P. (2007). Tendinopathy in Athletes. In Woo, S.L., Renström, P.A.F.H., & Arnoczky, S.P. (Eds.). 12, xi-xii.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/9780470757987.

Zhang, X., Fisher, M.B., Woo, S.L.Y., Jiang, G., & Abramowitch, S.D. (2007). The Assumption of a Negligible Preload on the Determination of Viscoelastic Properties Based on the Quasi-linear Viscoelastic (QLV) Theory. 2007 IEEE/ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering, (10.1109/ICCME.2007.4382020), 1617-1620.Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). doi: 10.1109/iccme.2007.4382020.

Darcy, S.P., Kilger, R.H.P., Woo, S.L.Y., & Debski, R.E. (2006). Estimation of ACL forces by reproducing knee kinematics between sets of knees: A novel non-invasive methodology. J Biomech, 39(13), 2371-2377.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.08.009.

Gilbert, T.W., Sacks, M.S., Grashow, J.S., Woo, S.L.Y., Badylak, S.F., & Chancellor, M.B. (2006). Fiber kinematics of small intestinal submucosa under biaxial and uniaxial stretch. J Biomech Eng, 128(6), 890-898.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.2354200.

Hsu, W.H., Fisk, J.A., Yamamoto, Y., Debski, R.E., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2006). Differences in torsional joint stiffness of the knee between genders: a human cadaveric study. Am J Sports Med, 34(5), 765-770.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0363546505282623.

Kilger, R.H.P., Stehle, J., Fisk, J.A., Thomas, M., Miura, K., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2006). Anatomical double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction after valgus high tibial osteotomy: a biomechanical study. Am J Sports Med, 34(6), 961-967.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0363546505283269.

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Moon, D.K., Woo, S.L.Y., Takakura, Y., Gabriel, M.T., & Abramowitch, S.D. (2006). The effects of refreezing on the viscoelastic and tensile properties of ligaments. J Biomech, 39(6), 1153-1157.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.02.012.

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Pfaeffle, H.J., Fischer, K.J., Srinivasa, A., Manson, T., Woo, S.L.Y., & Tomaino, M. (2006). A model of stress and strain in the interosseous ligament of the forearm based on fiber network theory. J Biomech Eng, 128(5), 725-732.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.2241730.

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Woo, S.L.Y., Abramowitch, S.D., Kilger, R., & Liang, R. (2006). Biomechanics of knee ligaments: injury, healing, and repair. J Biomech, 39(1), 1-20.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.10.025.

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Woo, S.L.Y., Takakura, Y., Liang, R., Jia, F., & Moon, D.K. (2006). Treatment with bioscaffold enhances the the fibril morphology and the collagen composition of healing medial collateral ligament in rabbits. Tissue Eng, 12(1), 159-166.Mary Ann Liebert. doi: 10.1089/ten.2006.12.159.

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Yamamoto, Y., Hsu, W.H., Fisk, J.A., Van Scyoc, A.H., Miura, K., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2006). Effect of the iliotibial band on knee biomechanics during a simulated pivot shift test. J Orthop Res, 24(5), 967-973.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.20122.

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Frank, C.B., Marchuk, L.L., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2005). Basic science of ligament healing - Summary and future directions. SPORTS MEDICINE AND ARTHROSCOPY REVIEW, 13(3), 177-183.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/01.jsa.0000174215.26619.27.

Jia, F., Shimomura, T., Niyibizi, C., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2005). Downregulation of human type III collagen gene expression by antisense oligodeoxynucleotide. Tissue Eng, 11(9-10), 1429-1435.Mary Ann Liebert. doi: 10.1089/ten.2005.11.1429.

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Margheritini, F., Rihn, J.A., Mauro, C.S., Stabile, K.J., Woo, S.L.Y., & Harner, C.D. (2005). Biomechanics of initial tibial fixation in posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Arthroscopy, 21(10), 1164-1171.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.arthro.2005.06.017.

Moalli, P.A., Howden, N.S., Lowder, J.L., Navarro, J., Debes, K.M., Abramowitch, S.D., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2005). A rat model to study the structural properties of the vagina and its supportive tissues. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 192(1), 80-88.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2004.07.008.

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Moore, S.M., Woo, S.L.Y., & Debski, R.E. (2005). Accuracy of reproducing the motion of knee and shoulder diatrhodial joints using robotic technology. Proceedings of the 2005 Summer Bioengineering Conference, 2005, (pp. 988-989).Vail, CO.

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Abramowitch, S.D., & Woo, S.L. (2004). An improved method to analyze the stress relaxation of ligaments following a finite ramp time based on the quasi-linear viscoelastic theory. J Biomech Eng, 126(1), 92-97.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.1645528.

Abramowitch, S.D., Woo, S.L.Y., Clineff, T.D., & Debski, R.E. (2004). An evaluation of the quasi-linear viscoelastic properties of the healing medial collateral ligament in a goat model. Ann Biomed Eng, 32(3), 329-335.Springer Nature. doi: 10.1023/b:abme.0000017539.85245.6a.

Debski, R.E., Darcy, S.P., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2004). Experimental and computational modeling of joint and ligament mechanics. JOURNAL OF APPLIED BIOMECHANICS, 20(4), 450-474.Human Kinetics. doi: 10.1123/jab.20.4.450.

Gabriel, M.T., Wong, E.K., Woo, S.L.Y., Yagi, M., & Debski, R.E. (2004). Distribution of in situ forces in the anterior cruciate ligament in response to rotatory loads. J Orthop Res, 22(1), 85-89.Wiley. doi: 10.1016/S0736-0266(03)00133-5.

Giffin, J.R., Vogrin, T.M., Zantop, T., Woo, S.L.Y., & Harner, C.D. (2004). Effects of increasing tibial slope on the biomechanics of the knee. Am J Sports Med, 32(2), 376-382.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0363546503258880.

Li, Z., Yang, G., Khan, M., Stone, D., Woo, S.L.Y., & Wang, J.H.C. (2004). Inflammatory response of human tendon fibroblasts to cyclic mechanical stretching. Am J Sports Med, 32(2), 435-440.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0095399703258680.

Margheritini, F., Mauro, C.S., Rihn, J.A., Stabile, K.J., Woo, S.L.Y., & Harner, C.D. (2004). Biomechanical comparison of tibial inlay versus transtibial techniques for posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: analysis of knee kinematics and graft in situ forces. Am J Sports Med, 32(3), 587-593.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/0363546503261717.

Musahl, V., Abramowitch, S.D., Gilbert, T.W., Tsuda, E., Wang, J.H.C., Badylak, S.F., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2004). The use of porcine small intestinal submucosa to enhance the healing of the medial collateral ligament--a functional tissue engineering study in rabbits. J Orthop Res, 22(1), 214-220.Wiley. doi: 10.1016/S0736-0266(03)00163-3.

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Woo, S.L.Y., Thomas, M., & Chan Saw, S.S. (2004). Contribution of biomechanics, orthopaedics and rehabilitation: the past present and future. Surgeon, 2(3), 125-136.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/s1479-666x(04)80072-6.

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Abramowitch, S.D., Papageorgiou, C.D., Withrow, J.D., Gilbert, T.W., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2003). The effect of initial graft tension on the biomechanical properties of a healing ACL replacement graft: a study in goats. J Orthop Res, 21(4), 708-715.Wiley. doi: 10.1016/S0736-0266(02)00265-6.

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Burkart, A., Debski, R., Musahl, V., McMahon, P., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2003). [Biomechanical tests for type II SLAP lesions of the shoulder joint before and after arthroscopic repair]. Orthopade, 32(7), 600-607.Springer Nature. doi: 10.1007/s00132-003-0495-1.

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Fukuda, Y., Woo, S.L.Y., Loh, J.C., Tsuda, E., Tang, P., McMahon, P.J., & Debski, R.E. (2003). A quantitative analysis of valgus torque on the ACL: a human cadaveric study. J Orthop Res, 21(6), 1107-1112.Wiley. doi: 10.1016/S0736-0266(03)00084-6.

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Li, Z.M., Pfaeffle, H.J., Sotereanos, D.G., Goitz, R.J., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2003). Multi-directional strength and force envelope of the index finger. Clin Biomech (Bristol), 18(10), 908-915.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/s0268-0033(03)00178-5.

Loh, J.C., Fukuda, Y., Tsuda, E., Steadman, R.J., Fu, F.H., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2003). Knee stability and graft function following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: Comparison between 11 o'clock and 10 o'clock femoral tunnel placement. 2002 Richard O'Connor Award paper. Arthroscopy, 19(3), 297-304.Elsevier. doi: 10.1053/jars.2003.50084.

Ma, C.B., Kanamori, A., Vogrin, T.M., Woo, S.L.Y., & Harner, C.D. (2003). Measurement of posterior tibial translation in the posterior cruciate ligament-reconstructed knee: significance of the shift in the reference position. Am J Sports Med, 31(6), 843-848.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/03635465030310061901.

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Shimomura, T., Jia, F., Niyibizi, C., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2003). Antisense oligonucleotides reduce synthesis of procollagen alpha1 (V) chain in human patellar tendon fibroblasts: potential application in healing ligaments and tendons. Connect Tissue Res, 44(3-4), 167-172.Taylor & Francis. doi: 10.1080/03008200390215872.

Wang, J.H.C., Jia, F., Gilbert, T.W., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2003). Cell orientation determines the alignment of cell-produced collagenous matrix. J Biomech, 36(1), 97-102.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9290(02)00233-6.

Wang, J.H.C., Jia, F., Yang, G., Yang, S., Campbell, B.H., Stone, D., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2003). Cyclic mechanical stretching of human tendon fibroblasts increases the production of prostaglandin E2 and levels of cyclooxygenase expression: a novel in vitro model study. Connect Tissue Res, 44(3-4), 128-133.Taylor & Francis. doi: 10.1080/03008200390223909.

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Hildebrand, K.A., Jia, F., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2002). Response of donor and recipient cells after transplantation of cells to the ligament and tendon. Microsc Res Tech, 58(1), 34-38.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jemt.10114.

Kanamori, A., Zeminski, J., Rudy, T.W., Li, G., Fu, F.H., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2002). The effect of axial tibial torque on the function of the anterior cruciate ligament: a biomechanical study of a simulated pivot shift test. Arthroscopy, 18(4), 394-398.Elsevier. doi: 10.1053/jars.2002.30638.

Martinek, V., Latterman, C., Usas, A., Abramowitch, S., Woo, S.L.Y., Fu, F.H., & Huard, J. (2002). Enhancement of tendon-bone integration of anterior cruciate ligament grafts with bone morphogenetic protein-2 gene transfer: a histological and biomechanical study. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 84(7), 1123-1131.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.2106/00004623-200207000-00005.

Martinek, V., Latterman, C., Usas, A., Abramowitch, S., Woo, S.L.Y., Fu, F.H., & Huard, J. (2002). Enhancement of tendon-bone integration of anterior cruciate ligament grafts with bone morphogenetic protein-2 gene transfer: A histological and biomechanical study. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - Series A, 84(7), 1123-1131. doi: 10.2106/00004623-200207000-00005.

Martinek, V., Latterman, C., Usas, A., Abramowitch, S., Woo, S.L.Y., Fu, F.H., & Huard, J. (2002). Enhancement of tendon-bone integration of anterior cruciate ligament grafts with bone morphogenetic protein-2 gene transfer - A histological and biomechanical study. JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME, 84A(7), 1123-1131. doi: 10.2106/00004623-200207000-00005.

Musahl, V., Burkart, A., Debski, R.E., Van Scyoc, A., Fu, F.H., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2002). Accuracy of anterior cruciate ligament tunnel placement with an active robotic system: a cadaveric study. Arthroscopy, 18(9), 968-973. doi: 10.1053/jars.2002.36110.

Parsons, I.M., Apreleva, M., Fu, F.H., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2002). The effect of rotator cuff tears on reaction forces at the glenohumeral joint. J Orthop Res, 20(3), 439-446.Wiley. doi: 10.1016/S0736-0266(01)00137-1.

Tsuda, E., Fukuda, Y., Loh, J.C., Debski, R.E., Fu, F.H., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2002). The effect of soft-tissue graft fixation in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction on graft-tunnel motion under anterior tibial loading. Arthroscopy, 18(9), 960-967.Elsevier. doi: 10.1053/jars.2002.36112.

Watanabe, N., Woo, S.L.Y., Papageorgiou, C., Celechovsky, C., & Takai, S. (2002). Fate of donor bone marrow cells in medial collateral ligament after simulated autologous transplantation. Microsc Res Tech, 58(1), 39-44.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jemt.10115.

Woo, S.L.Y., Kanamori, A., Zeminski, J., Yagi, M., Papageorgiou, C., & Fu, F.H. (2002). The effectiveness of reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament with hamstrings and patellar tendon . A cadaveric study comparing anterior tibial and rotational loads. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 84(6), 907-914.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.2106/00004623-200206000-00003.

Woo, S.L.Y., Kanamori, A., Zeminski, J., Yagi, M., Papageorgiou, C., & Fu, F.H. (2002). The effectiveness of reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament with hamstrings and patellar tendon - A cadaveric study comparing anterior tibial and rotational loads. JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME, 84A(6), 907-914. doi: 10.2106/00004623-200206000-00003.

WOO, S.L.Y., KANAMORI, A., ZEMINSKI, J., YAGI, M., PAPAGEORGIOU, C., & FU, F.H. (2002). THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RECONSTRUCTION OF THE ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT WITH HAMSTRINGS AND PATELLAR TENDON. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-American Volume, 84(6), 907-914.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). doi: 10.2106/00004623-200206000-00003.

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Burkart, A., Debski, R.E., McMahon, P.J., Rudy, T., Fu, F.H., Musahl, V., van Scyoc, A., & Woo, S.L. (2001). Precision of ACL tunnel placement using traditional and robotic techniques. Comput Aided Surg, 6(5), 270-278.Informa UK Limited. doi: 10.1002/igs.10013.

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Burkart, A., Musahl, V., Debski, R.E., Van Scyoc, A., McMahon, P.J., Fu, F.H., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2001). Does CASPAR improve precision in cruciate ligament surgery?. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ORTHOPADIE UND IHRE GRENZGEBIETE, 139(6), M112-M115.

Debski, R.E., Parsons IV, I.M., Woo, S.L.Y., & Fu, F.H. (2001). Effect of capsular injury on acromioclavicular joint mechanics. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - Series A, 83(9), 1344-1351. doi: 10.2106/00004623-200109000-00009.

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Fischer, K.J., Manson, T.T., Pfaeffle, H.J., Tomaino, M.M., & Woo, S.L. (2001). A method for measuring joint kinematics designed for accurate registration of kinematic data to models constructed from CT data. J Biomech, 34(3), 377-383.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9290(00)00195-0.

Harner, C.D., Giffin, J.R., Vogrin, T.M., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2001). Anatomy and biomechanics of the posterior cruciate ligament and posterolateral corner. OPERATIVE TECHNIQUES IN SPORTS MEDICINE, 9(2), 39-46.Elsevier. doi: 10.1053/otsm.2001.21759.

Höher, J., Kanamori, A., Zeminski, J., Fu, F.H., & Woo, S.L. (2001). The position of the tibia during graft fixation affects knee kinematics and graft forces for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Am J Sports Med, 29(6), 771-776.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/03635465010290061601.

Papageorgiou, C.D., Gil, J.E., Kanamori, A., Fenwick, J.A., Woo, S.L., & Fu, F.H. (2001). The biomechanical interdependence between the anterior cruciate ligament replacement graft and the medial meniscus. Am J Sports Med, 29(2), 226-231.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/03635465010290021801.

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Shoemaker, S.C., Adams, D., Daniel, D.M., & Woo, S.L. (1993). Quadriceps/anterior cruciate graft interaction. An in vitro study of joint kinematics and anterior cruciate ligament graft tension. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 294(294), 379-390.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/00003086-199309000-00054.

Shoemaker, S.C., Adams, D.J., Daniel, D.M., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1993). Quadriceps/Anterior Cruciate Graft Interaction: An In Vitro Study of Joint Kinematics and ACL Graft Tension. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 294, 379-390.

Smith, B.A., Livesay, G.A., & Woo, S.L. (1993). Biology and biomechanics of the anterior cruciate ligament. Clin Sports Med, 12(4), 637-670.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/s0278-5919(20)30380-x.

Smith, B.A., Livesay, G.A., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1993). Biology and Biomechanics of the ACl. Clinics in Sports Medicine, 12(A), 637-670.

Takai, S., Woo, S.L., Livesay, G.A., Adams, D.J., & Fu, F.H. (1993). Determination of the in situ loads on the human anterior cruciate ligament. J Orthop Res, 11(5), 686-695.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100110511.

Woo, S.L., Johnson, G.A., & Smith, B.A. (1993). Mathematical modeling of ligaments and tendons. J Biomech Eng, 115(4B), 468-473. doi: 10.1115/1.2895526.

Woo, S.L.Y. (1993). Die Heilung des Medialen Seitenbands. Sportverletzung Sportschaden, 7, 3-16.

WOO, S.L.Y., JOHNSON, G.A., & SMITH, B.A. (1993). MATHEMATICAL-MODELING OF LIGAMENTS AND TENDONS. JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME, 115(4), 468-473.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.2895526.

Woo, S.L.Y., Smith, B.A., Livesay, G.A., & Blomstrom, G.L. (1993). (i) Why do ligaments fail?. Orthopaedics and Trauma, 7(2), 73-84.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/s0268-0890(05)80002-7.

Woo, S.L.Y., Smith, B.A., Livesay, G.A., & Blomstrong, G.L. (1993). Why Do Ligaments Fail?. Current Orthopaedics, 7, 73-84.

Anderson, D.R., Weiss, J.A., Takai, S., Ohland, K.J., & Woo, S.L. (1992). Healing of the medial collateral ligament following a triad injury: a biomechanical and histological study of the knee in rabbits. J Orthop Res, 10(4), 485-495.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100100404.

Anderson, D.R., Weiss, J.A., Takai, S., Ohland, K.J., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1992). Healing of the Medial Collateral Ligament Following a Triad Jury. J. of Orthopaedic Research, 10, 485-495.

Carlson, G.D., Abitbol, J.J., Anderson, D.R., Krag, M.H., Kostuik, J.P., Woo, S.L., & Garfin, S.R. (1992). Screw fixation in the human sacrum. An in vitro study of the biomechanics of fixation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 17(6 Suppl), S196-S203.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/00007632-199206001-00023.

Carlson, G.D., Abitbol, J.J., Anderson, D.R., Krag, M.H., Kostuik, J.P., Woo, S.L., & Garfin, S.R. (1992). Screw fixation in the human sacrum:An in vitro study of the biomechanics of fixation. Spine, 17(6), 196-203.

Coutts, R.D., Woo, S.L., Amiel, D., von Schroeder, H.P., & Kwan, M.K. (1992). Rib perichondrial autografts in full-thickness articular cartilage defects in rabbits. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 275(275), 263-273.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/00003086-199202000-00040.

Fu, F.H., L-Y Woo, S., & Irrgang, J.J. (1992). Current Concepts for Rehabilitation following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, 15(6), 270-278.Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy (JOSPT). doi: 10.2519/jospt.1992.15.6.270.

Fu, F.H., Woo, S.L.Y., & Irrgang, J.J. (1992). Current Concepts for Rehabilitation Following ACL Reconstruction. J. of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 15, 270-278.

Hart, R.A., Woo, S.L., & Newton, P.O. (1992). Ultrastructural morphometry of anterior cruciate and medial collateral ligaments: an experimental study in rabbits. J Orthop Res, 10(1), 96-103.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100100112.

Hart, R.A., Woo, S.L.Y., & Newton, P.O. (1992). Ultrastructural Morphometry of the ACL and MCL: An Experimental Study in Rabbits. J. of Orthopaedic Research, 10, 96-103.

Kwan, M.K., Hacker, S.A., Woo, S.L., & Wayne, J.S. (1992). The effect of storage on the biomechanical behavior of articular cartilage--a large strain study. J Biomech Eng, 114(1), 149-153.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.2895440.

Woo, S.L., Livesay, G.A., & Engle, C. (1992). Biomechanics of the human anterior cruciate ligament. Muscle stabilization and ACL reconstruction. Orthop Rev, 21(8), 935-941.

Woo, S.L., Livesay, G.A., & Engle, C. (1992). Biomechanics of the human anterior cruciate ligament. ACL structure and role in knee motion. Orthop Rev, 21(7), 835-842.

Woo, S.L., Newton, P.O., MacKenna, D.A., & Lyon, R.M. (1992). A comparative evaluation of the mechanical properties of the rabbit medial collateral and anterior cruciate ligaments. J Biomech, 25(4), 377-386.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(92)90257-2.

Woo, S.L.Y., Livesay, G.A., & Engle, C. (1992). Biomechanics of the Human ACL: ACL Structure and Role in Knee Motion. Orthopaedic Review, 21, 835-842.

Anderson, D.R., Woo, S.L., Kwan, M.K., & Gershuni, D.H. (1991). Viscoelastic shear properties of the equine medial meniscus. J Orthop Res, 9(4), 550-558.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100090411.

Gelberman, R.H., Nunley, J.A., Osterman, A.L., Breen, T.F., Dimick, M.P., & Woo, S.L. (1991). Influences of the protected passive mobilization interval on flexor tendon healing. A prospective randomized clinical study. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 264(264), 189-196.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/00003086-199103000-00021.

Gelberman, R.H., Siegel, D.B., Woo, S.L., Amiel, D., Takai, S., & Lee, D. (1991). Healing of digital flexor tendons: importance of the interval from injury to repair. A biomechanical, biochemical, and morphological study in dogs. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 73(1), 66-75.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.2106/00004623-199173010-00009.

Gelberman, R.H., Siegel, D.B., Woo, S.L.Y., Amiel, D., Takai, S., & Lee, D. (1991). Healing of Digital Flexor Tendons: Importance of the Interval from Injury to Repair. A Biomechanical, Biochemical and Morphological Study in Dogs. J. of Bone and Joint Surgery, 73(A), 66-75.

Gomez, M.A., Woo, S.L., Amiel, D., Harwood, F., Kitabayashi, L., & Matyas, J.R. (1991). The effects of increased tension on healing medical collateral ligaments. Am J Sports Med, 19(4), 347-354.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/036354659101900405.

Gomez, M.A., Woo, S.L.Y., Amiel, D., Harwood, F.L., Kitabayashi, L.R., & Matyas, J.R. (1991). The Effects of Increased Tension on Healing Medial Collateral Ligaments. Am. Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine 1990 O'Donoghue Sports Injury Research Award Paper. Am. J. of Sports Medicine, 19, 347-354.

Hollis, J.M., Takai, S., Adams, D.J., Horibe, S., & Woo, S.L. (1991). The effects of knee motion and external loading on the length of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL): a kinematic study. J Biomech Eng, 113(2), 208-214.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.2891236.

Hollis, J.M., Takai, S., Adams, D.J., Horibe, S., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1991). The Effects of Knee Motion and External Loading on the Length of the ACL: A Kinematic Study. J. of Biomechanical Engineering, 113, 208-214.

Lyon, R.M., Akeson, W.H., Amiel, D., Kitabayashi, L.R., & Woo, S.L. (1991). Ultrastructural differences between the cells of the medical collateral and the anterior cruciate ligaments. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 272(272), 279-286.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/00003086-199111000-00042.

Lyon, R.M., Akeson, W.H., Amiel, D., Kitabayashi, L.R., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1991). Ultrastructural Differences between the Cells of the Medial Collateral Ligament and ACL. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 272, 279-286.

Takai, S., Woo, S.L., Horibe, S., Tung, D.K., & Gelberman, R.H. (1991). The effects of frequency and duration of controlled passive mobilization on tendon healing. J Orthop Res, 9(5), 705-713.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100090510.

Wall, E.J., Kwan, M.K., Rydevik, B.L., Woo, S.L.Y., & Garfin, S.R. (1991). Stress Relaxation of a Peripheral Nerve. J. of Hand Surgery, 16(a), 859-863.

Wayne, J.S., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1991). Finite Element Analysis of Repaired Articular Surfaces. Engineering in Medicine, Proceedings of the Institute of Mechanical Engineering, 205(H3), 155-162.

Wayne, J.S., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1991). Theoretical evaluation of repaired articular surfaces. Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 19(5), 633-634.

Wayne, J.S., Woo, S.L., & Kwan, M.K. (1991). Application of the u-p finite element method to the study of articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng, 113(4), 397-403.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.2895418.

Wayne, J.S., Woo, S.L., & Kwan, M.K. (1991). Finite element analyses of repaired articular surfaces. Proc Inst Mech Eng H, 205(3), 155-162.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1243/PIME_PROC_1991_205_286_02.

Weiss, J.A., Woo, S.L., Ohland, K.J., Horibe, S., & Newton, P.O. (1991). Evaluation of a new injury model to study medial collateral ligament healing: primary repair versus nonoperative treatment. J Orthop Res, 9(4), 516-528.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100090407.

Woo, S.L., Hollis, J.M., Adams, D.J., Lyon, R.M., & Takai, S. (1991). Tensile properties of the human femur-anterior cruciate ligament-tibia complex. The effects of specimen age and orientation. Am J Sports Med, 19(3), 217-225.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/036354659101900303.

Woo, S.L.Y. (1991). [312] Structural and functional properties of normal and healing ligaments: Part 1. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 28(1), 247-248.

Woo, S.L.Y., Hollis, J.M., Adams, D.J., Lyon, R.M., & Takai, S. (1991). Tensile Properties of the Human Femur-Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Tibia Complex: The Effects of Specimen Age and Orientation. Am Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine 1990 Excellence in Research Award Paper (Clinical Science). Am. J. of Sports Medicine, 19, 217-225.

Ballock, R.T., Lee, T.Q., Triggs, K.J., Woo, S.L., & Garfin, S.R. (1990). The effect of pin location on the rigidity of the halo pin-bone interface. Neurosurgery, 26(2), 238-241.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/00006123-199002000-00009.

Billings, E., von Schroeder, H.P., Mai, M.T., Aratow, M., Amiel, D., Woo, S.L., & Coutts, R.D. (1990). Cartilage resurfacing of the rabbit knee. The use of an allogeneic demineralized bone matrix-autogeneic perichondrium composite implant. Acta Orthop Scand, 61(3), 201-206.MJS Publishing, Medical Journals Sweden AB. doi: 10.3109/17453679008993501.

Gelberman, R.H., Woo, S.L., Amiel, D., Horibe, S., & Lee, D. (1990). Influences of Flexor Sheath Continuity and Early Motion on Tendon Healing: A Biomechanical, Biochemical and Ultrastructural Study in Dogs. J. of Hand Surgery, 15(A), 69-77.

Gelberman, R.H., Woo, S.L., Amiel, D., Horibe, S., & Lee, D. (1990). Influences of flexor sheath continuity and early motion on tendon healing in dogs. J Hand Surg Am, 15(1), 69-77.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/s0363-5023(09)91108-x.

Horibe, S., Woo, S.L., Spiegelman, J.J., Marcin, J.P., & Gelberman, R.H. (1990). Excursion of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon: a kinematic study of the human and canine digits. J Orthop Res, 8(2), 167-174.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100080203.

Inoue, M., Woo, S.L., Gomez, M.A., Amiel, D., Ohland, K.J., & Kitabayashi, L.R. (1990). Effects of surgical treatment and immobilization on the healing of the medial collateral ligament: a long-term multidisciplinary study. Connect Tissue Res, 25(1), 13-26.Taylor & Francis. doi: 10.3109/03008209009009809.

Ishizue, K.K., Lyon, R.M., Amiel, D., & Woo, S.L. (1990). Acute hemarthrosis: a histological, biochemical, and biomechanical correlation of early effects on the anterior cruciate ligament in a rabbit model. J Orthop Res, 8(4), 548-554.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100080411.

Newton, P.O., Woo, S.L., Kitabayashi, L.R., Lyon, R.M., Anderson, D.R., & Akeson, W.H. (1990). Ultrastructural changes in knee ligaments following immobilization. Matrix, 10(5), 314-319.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/s0934-8832(11)80187-3.

Rydevik, B.L., Kwan, M.K., Myers, R.R., Brown, R.A., Triggs, K.J., Woo, S.L., & Garfin, S.R. (1990). An in vitro mechanical and histological study of acute stretching on rabbit tibial nerve. J Orthop Res, 8(5), 694-701.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100080511.

Wayne, J.S., Amiel, D., Kwan, M.K., Woo, S.L., Fierer, A., & Meyers, M.H. (1990). Long-term storage effects on canine osteochondral allografts. Acta Orthop Scand, 61(6), 539-545.MJS Publishing, Medical Journals Sweden AB. doi: 10.3109/17453679008993578.

Woo, S.L., Danto, M.I., Ohland, K.J., Lee, T.Q., & Newton, P.O. (1990). The use of a laser micrometer system to determine the cross-sectional shape and area of ligaments: a comparative study with two existing methods. J Biomech Eng, 112(4), 426-431.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.2891206.

Woo, S.L., Ohland, K.J., & Weiss, J.A. (1990). Aging and sex-related changes in the biomechanical properties of the rabbit medial collateral ligament. Mech Ageing Dev, 56(2), 129-142.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/0047-6374(90)90004-y.

Woo, S.L., Peterson, R.H., Ohland, K.J., Sites, T.J., & Danto, M.I. (1990). The effects of strain rate on the properties of the medial collateral ligament in skeletally immature and mature rabbits: a biomechanical and histological study. J Orthop Res, 8(5), 712-721.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100080513.

Woo, S.L., Weiss, J.A., Gomez, M.A., & Hawkins, D.A. (1990). Measurement of changes in ligament tension with knee motion and skeletal maturation. J Biomech Eng, 112(1), 46-51.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.2891125.

Woo, S.L., Young, E.P., Ohland, K.J., Marcin, J.P., Horibe, S., & Lin, H.C. (1990). The effects of transection of the anterior cruciate ligament on healing of the medial collateral ligament. A biomechanical study of the knee in dogs. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 72(3), 382-392.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.2106/00004623-199072030-00010.

Woo, S.L.Y., & Wayne, J.S. (1990). Mechanics of the ACL and Its Contribution to Knee Kinematics. Applied Mechanics Review, 43(2), S142-S149.

Woo, S.L.Y., & Wayne, J.S. (1990). Mechanics of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Its Contribution to Knee Kinematics. Applied Mechanics Reviews, 43(5S), s142-s149.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.3120793.

WOO, S.L.Y., FUNG, Y.C., NEREM, R.M., & HAYASHI, K. (1990). IN MEMORIAM - SEGUCHI,YASUYUKI. JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME, 112(4), 369-370.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.2891198.

Woo, S.L.Y., Young, E.P., Ohland, K.J., Marcin, J.P., Horibe, S., & Lin, H. (1990). The Effects of Transection of the ACL on Healing of the Medial Collateral Ligament: A Biomechanical Study of the Knee in Dogs. J. of Bone and Joint Surgery, 72(A), 382-392.

Akeson, W.H., Garfin, S., Amiel, D., & Woo, S.L. (1989). Para-articular connective tissue in osteoarthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum, 18(4 Suppl 2), 41-50.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/0049-0172(89)90015-2.

Ballock, R.T., Woo, S.L., Lyon, R.M., Hollis, J.M., & Akeson, W.H. (1989). Use of patellar tendon autograft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in the rabbit: a long-term histologic and biomechanical study. J Orthop Res, 7(4), 474-485.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100070404.

Botte, M.J., Garfin, S.R., Byrne, T.P., Woo, S.L., & Nickel, V.L. (1989). The halo skeletal fixator. Principles of application and maintenance. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 239(239), 12-18.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/00003086-198902000-00003.

Gelberman, R.H., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1989). The physiological basis for application of controlled stress in the rehabilitation of flexor tendon injuries. Journal of Hand Therapy, 2(2), 66-70.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/s0894-1130(89)80044-4.

Gomez, M.A., Woo, S.L., Inoue, M., Amiel, D., Harwood, F.L., & Kitabayashi, L. (1989). Medical collateral ligament healing subsequent to different treatment regimens. J Appl Physiol (1985), 66(1), 245-252.American Physiological Society. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1989.66.1.245.

Kwan, M.K., & Woo, S.L. (1989). A structural model to describe the nonlinear stress-strain behavior for parallel-fibered collagenous tissues. J Biomech Eng, 111(4), 361-363.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.3168392.

Kwan, M.K., Coutts, R.D., Woo, S.L., & Field, F.P. (1989). Morphological and biomechanical evaluations of neocartilage from the repair of full-thickness articular cartilage defects using rib perichondrium autografts: a long-term study. J Biomech, 22(8-9), 921-930.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(89)90076-6.

Kwan, M.K., Wayne, J.S., Woo, S.L., Field, F.P., Hoover, J., & Meyers, M. (1989). Histological and biomechanical assessment of articular cartilage from stored osteochondral shell allografts. J Orthop Res, 7(5), 637-644.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100070503.

Lyon, R.M., Woo, S.L., Hollis, J.M., Marcin, J.P., & Lee, E.B. (1989). A new device to measure the structural properties of the femur-anterior cruciate ligament-tibia complex. J Biomech Eng, 111(4), 350-354.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.3168390.

Triggs, K.J., Ballock, R.T., Lee, T.Q., Woo, S.L., & Garfin, S.R. (1989). The effect of angled insertion on halo pin fixation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 14(8), 781-783.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/00007632-198908000-00001.

Bean, D.J., Hollis, J.M., Woo, S.L., & Convery, F.R. (1988). Sustained pressurization of polymethylmethacrylate: a comparison of low- and moderate-viscosity bone cements. J Orthop Res, 6(4), 580-584.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100060416.

Lee, T.Q., & Woo, S.L. (1988). A new method for determining cross-sectional shape and area of soft tissues. J Biomech Eng, 110(2), 110-114.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.3108414.

To, S.Y., Kwan, M.K., & Woo, S.L. (1988). Simultaneous measurements of strains on two surfaces of tendons and ligaments. J Biomech, 21(6), 511-514.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(88)90243-6.

Woo, S.L., & Buckwalter, J.A. (1988). AAOS/NIH/ORS workshop. Injury and repair of the musculoskeletal soft tissues. Savannah, Georgia, June 18-20, 1987. J Orthop Res, 6(6), 907-931.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100060615.

WOO, S.L.Y., HOLLIS, J.M., & LYON, R.M. (1988). EFFECTS OF KNEE FLEXION ANGLE ON THE STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES OF THE RABBIT FEMUR ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT TIBIA COMPLEX - REPLY. JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS, 21(8), 689-691.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(88)90209-6.

Akeson, W.H., Amiel, D., Abel, M.F., Garfin, S.R., & Woo, S.L. (1987). Effects of immobilization on joints. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 219(219), 28-37.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/00003086-198706000-00006.

Bean, D.J., Convery, F.R., Woo, S.L., & Lieber, R.L. (1987). Regional variation in shear strength of the bone-polymethylmethacrylate interface. J Arthroplasty, 2(4), 293-298.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/s0883-5403(87)80062-1.

Inoue, M., McGurk-Burleson, E., Hollis, J.M., & Woo, S.L. (1987). Treatment of Medial Collateral Ligament Injury: I. The Importance of ACL on the Varus-Valgus Knee Laxity. The 1986 Am. Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine Excellence in Research Award (Sports Science). Am. J. of Sports Medicine, 15, 15-21.

Inoue, M., McGurk-Burleson, E., Hollis, J.M., & Woo, S.L. (1987). Treatment of the medial collateral ligament injury. I: The importance of anterior cruciate ligament on the varus-valgus knee laxity. Am J Sports Med, 15(1), 15-21.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/036354658701500103.

Spiegelman, J.J., & Woo, S.L. (1987). A rigid-body method for finding centers of rotation and angular displacements of planar joint motion. J Biomech, 20(7), 715-721.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(87)90037-6.

Woo, S.L., Gomez, M.A., Inoue, M., & Akeson, W.H. (1987). New experimental procedures to evaluate the biomechanical properties of healing canine medial collateral ligaments. J Orthop Res, 5(3), 425-432.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100050315.

Woo, S.L., Gomez, M.A., Sites, T.J., Newton, P.O., Orlando, C.A., & Akeson, W.H. (1987). The biomechanical and morphological changes in the medial collateral ligament of the rabbit after immobilization and remobilization. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 69(8), 1200-1211.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.2106/00004623-198769080-00014.

Woo, S.L., Hollis, J.M., Roux, R.D., Gomez, M.A., Inoue, M., Kleiner, J.B., & Akeson, W.H. (1987). Effects of knee flexion on the structural properties of the rabbit femur-anterior cruciate ligament-tibia complex (FATC). J Biomech, 20(6), 557-563.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(87)90277-6.

Woo, S.L., Inoue, M., McGurk-Burleson, E., & Gomez, M.A. (1987). Treatment of the medial collateral ligament injury. II: Structure and function of canine knees in response to differing treatment regimens. Am J Sports Med, 15(1), 22-29.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/036354658701500104.

Woo, S.L., Kwan, M.K., Lee, T.Q., Field, F.P., Kleiner, J.B., & Coutts, R.D. (1987). Perichondrial autograft for articular cartilage. Shear modulus of neocartilage studied in rabbits. Acta Orthop Scand, 58(5), 510-515.MJS Publishing, Medical Journals Sweden AB. doi: 10.3109/17453678709146390.

Woo, S.L., Lee, T.Q., Gomez, M.A., Sato, S., & Field, F.P. (1987). Temperature dependent behavior of the canine medial collateral ligament. J Biomech Eng, 109(1), 68-71.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.3138645.

Woo, S.L.Y., Gomez, M.A., Sites, T., Newton, P.O., Orlando, C.A., & Akeson, W.H. (1987). The Biomechanical and Morphological Changes of the MCL Following Immobilization and Remobilization. J. of Bone and Joint Surgery, 69(A), 1200-1211.

Woo, S.L.Y., Inoue, M., McGurk-Burleson, E., & Gomez, M.A. (1987). Treatment of Medial Collateral Ligament Injury: II. Structure and Function of Canine Knees in Response to Differing Treatment Regimens. The 1986 Am. Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine Excellence in Research Award (Sports Science). Am. J. of Sports Medicine, 15, 22-29.

Woo, S.L.Y., Kwan, M.K., Lee, T.Q., Field, F.P., Kleiner, J.B., & Coutts, R.D. (1987). Perichondrial Autograft for Articular Cartilage: Shear Modulus of Neocartilage Studies in Rabbits Cartilage Autografts. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica, 58, 510-515.

Convery, F.R., Devine, S.D., Hollis, J.M., & Woo, S.L. (1986). Cement composite delivery system. Orthop Rev, 15(9), 581-585.

Garfin, S.R., Lee, T.Q., Roux, R.D., Silva, F.W., Ballock, R.T., Botte, M.J., Katz, M.M., & Woo, S.L. (1986). Structural behavior of the halo orthosis pin-bone interface: biomechanical evaluation of standard and newly designed stainless steel halo fixation pins. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 11(10), 977-981.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/00007632-198612000-00001.

Garfin, S.R., Roux, R., Botte, M.J., Centeno, R., & Woo, S.L. (1986). Skull osteology as it affects halo pin placement in children. J Pediatr Orthop, 6(4), 434-436.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/01241398-198607000-00008.

Gelberman, R.H., Manske, P.R., Akeson, W.H., Woo, S.L., Lundborg, G., & Amiel, D. (1986). Flexor Tendon Repair. Elizabeth Winston Lanier Kappa Delta Award Paper for Outstanding Orthopaedic Research. J. of Orthopaedic Research, 4, 119-128.

Gelberman, R.H., Manske, P.R., Akeson, W.H., Woo, S.L., Lundborg, G., & Amiel, D. (1986). Flexor tendon repair. J Orthop Res, 4(1), 119-128.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100040116.

Peterson, R.H., & Woo, S.L. (1986). A new methodology to determine the mechanical properties of ligaments at high strain rates. J Biomech Eng, 108(4), 365-367.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.3138631.

Woo, S.L. (1986). Orthopaedic research funding and manpower. J Orthop Res, 4(4), 510-513.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100040416.

Woo, S.L., Orlando, C.A., Camp, J.F., & Akeson, W.H. (1986). Effects of postmortem storage by freezing on ligament tensile behavior. J Biomech, 19(5), 399-404.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(86)90016-3.

Woo, S.L., Orlando, C.A., Gomez, M.A., Frank, C.B., & Akeson, W.H. (1986). Tensile properties of the medial collateral ligament as a function of age. J Orthop Res, 4(2), 133-141.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100040201.

Amiel, D., Frey, C., Woo, S.L., Harwood, F., & Akeson, W. (1985). Value of hyaluronic acid in the prevention of contracture formation. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 196(196), 306-311.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/00003086-198506000-00044.

Amiel, D., Frey, C., Woo, S.L., Harwood, F.L., & Akeson, W.H. (1985). Value of Hyaluronic Acid in the Prevention of Contracture Formation. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 196, 305-311.Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.

Frank, C., Amiel, D., Woo, S.L., & Akeson, W. (1985). Normal ligament properties and ligament healing. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 196(196), 15-25.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/00003086-198506000-00005.

Garfin, S.R., Botte, M.J., Woo, S.L., & Nickel, V.L. (1985). Reliability after repeated use of a torque screwdriver employed for halo pin fixation. J Orthop Res, 3(1), 121-123.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100030115.

Woo, S.L.Y., Lee, T.Q., & Field, F.P. (1985). Mechanical characterization of normal and rib perichondrial autografts for articular cartilage. Federation Proceedings, 44(3).

Coutts, R.D., Amiel, D., Woo, S.L., Woo, Y.K., & Akeson, W.H. (1984). Technical aspects of perichondrial grafting in the rabbit. Eur Surg Res, 16(5), 322-328.Karger Publishers. doi: 10.1159/000128426.

Frank, C., Akeson, W.H., Woo, S.L., Amiel, D., & Coutts, R.D. (1984). Physiology and therapeutic value of passive joint motion. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 185(185), 113-125.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/00003086-198405000-00020.

Simon, B.R., Coats, R.S., & Woo, S.L. (1984). Relaxation and creep quasilinear viscoelastic models for normal articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng, 106(2), 159-164.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.3138474.

Woo, S.L., & Seguchi, Y. (1984). Impact of Medical Engineering on Health Sciences. J. of Japanese Society of Mechanical Engineers (printed in Japanese), 87, 75-80.

Woo, S.L., Lothringer, K.S., Akeson, W.H., Coutts, R.D., Woo, Y.K., Simon, B.R., & Gomez, M.A. (1984). Less rigid internal fixation plates: historical perspectives and new concepts. J Orthop Res, 1(4), 431-449.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100010412.

Frank, C., Woo, S.L., Amiel, D., Harwood, F., Gomez, M., & Akeson, W. (1983). Medial collateral ligament healing. A multidisciplinary assessment in rabbits. Am J Sports Med, 11(6), 379-389.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/036354658301100602.

Frank, C.B., Woo, S.L., Amiel, D., Harwood, F.L., Gomez, M.A., & Akeson, W.H. (1983). Medial Collateral Ligament Healing: A Multidisciplinary Assessment in Rabbits. Am. Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine Excellence in Basic Science Award Paper. J. of Sports Medicine, 11, 379-389.

Gomez, M.A., Woo, S.L., & Coutts, R.D. (1983). A new femoral component design based on the trabecular systems of the proximal femur. Biomater Med Devices Artif Organs, 11(1), 39-50.Taylor & Francis. doi: 10.3109/10731198309118793.

Woo, S.L., Gomez, M.A., Seguchi, Y., Endo, C.M., & Akeson, W.H. (1983). Measurement of mechanical properties of ligament substance from a bone-ligament-bone preparation. J Orthop Res, 1(1), 22-29.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100010104.

Woo, S.L., Simon, B.R., Akeson, W.H., Gomez, M.A., & Seguchi, Y. (1983). A new approach to the design of internal fixation plates. J Biomed Mater Res, 17(3), 427-439.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jbm.820170304.

WOO, S.L.Y. (1983). CORRECTION. BIORHEOLOGY, 20(3), 345.

Amiel, D., Woo, S.L., Harwood, F.L., & Akeson, W.H. (1982). The effect of immobilization on collagen turnover in connective tissue: a biochemical-biomechanical correlation. Acta Orthop Scand, 53(3), 325-332.MJS Publishing, Medical Journals Sweden AB. doi: 10.3109/17453678208992224.

Coutts, R.D., Woo, S.L., Boyer, J., Doty, D., Gonsalves, M., Amiel, D., & Akeson, W.H. (1982). The effect of delayed internal fixation on healing of the osteotomized dog radius. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 163(163), 254-260.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/00003086-198203000-00039.

Gelberman, R.H., Woo, S.L., Lothringer, K., Akeson, W.H., & Amiel, D. (1982). Effects of early intermittent passive mobilization on healing canine flexor tendons. J Hand Surg Am, 7(2), 170-175.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/s0363-5023(82)80083-x.

Woo, S.L. (1982). Mechanical properties of tendons and ligaments. I. Quasi-static and nonlinear viscoelastic properties. Biorheology, 19(3), 385-396.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.3233/bir-1982-19301.

Woo, S.L., Gomez, M.A., Woo, Y.K., & Akeson, W.H. (1982). Mechanical properties of tendons and ligaments. II. The relationships of immobilization and exercise on tissue remodeling. Biorheology, 19(3), 397-408.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.3233/bir-1982-19302.

Bluel, K.E., Saul, T.A., Lentz, D.J., & Woo, S.L. (1981). Evaluation of reconstituted collagen tape as a model for chemically modified soft tissues. Biomater Med Devices Artif Organs, 9(1), 37-46.Taylor & Francis. doi: 10.3109/10731198109117599.

Garfin, S.R., Tipton, C.M., Mubarak, S.J., Woo, S.L., Hargens, A.R., & Akeson, W.H. (1981). Role of fascia in maintenance of muscle tension and pressure. J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol, 51(2), 317-320.American Physiological Society. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1981.51.2.317.

Gelberman, R.H., Amifl, D., Gonsalves, M., Woo, S., & Akeson, W.H. (1981). The influence of protected passive mobilization on the healing of flexor tendons: a biochemical and microangiographic study. Hand, 13(2), 120-128.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1016/s0072-968x(81)80051-4.

Woo, S.L., Gelberman, R.H., Cobb, N.G., Amiel, D., Lothringer, K., & Akeson, W.H. (1981). The importance of controlled passive mobilization on flexor tendon healing. A biomechanical study. Acta Orthop Scand, 52(6), 615-622.MJS Publishing, Medical Journals Sweden AB. doi: 10.3109/17453678108992156.

Woo, S.L., Gomez, M.A., & Akeson, W.H. (1981). The time and history-dependent viscoelastic properties of the canine medical collateral ligament. J Biomech Eng, 103(4), 293-298.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.3138295.

Woo, S.L., Gomez, M.A., Amiel, D., Ritter, M.A., Gelberman, R.H., & Akeson, W.H. (1981). The effects of exercise on the biomechanical and biochemical properties of swine digital flexor tendons. J Biomech Eng, 103(1), 51-56.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.3138246.

Woo, S.L., Kuei, S.C., Amiel, D., Gomez, M.A., Hayes, W.C., White, F., & Akeson, W.H. (1981). The Effect of Prolonged Physical Training on the Properties of Long Bones: A Study of Wolff's Law. J. of Bone and Joint Surgery, 63(A), 780-787.

Woo, S.L., Kuei, S.C., Amiel, D., Gomez, M.A., Hayes, W.C., White, F.C., & Akeson, W.H. (1981). The effect of prolonged physical training on the properties of long bone: a study of Wolff's Law. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 63(5), 780-787.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.2106/00004623-198163050-00013.

Woo, S.L.Y. (1981). RELATIONSHIPS OF CHANGES IN STRESS LEVELS ON LONG BONE REMODELING. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Applied Mechanics Division, AMD, 45, 107-129.

Akeson, W.H., Amiel, D., & Woo, S.L. (1980). Immobility effects on synovial joints the pathomechanics of joint contracture. Biorheology, 17(1-2), 95-110.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.3233/bir-1980-171-212.

Akeson, W.H., Coutts, R.D., & Woo, S.L. (1980). Principles of less rigid internal fixation with plates. Can J Surg, 23(3), 235-239.

Danzig, L.A., Woo, S.L., Akeson, W.H., Jemmott, G.F., & Wickham, M.G. (1980). Internal fixation plates after fifty-six years of implantation: report of a case. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 149(149), 201-206.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/00003086-198006000-00028.

Sutherland, D.H., Olshen, R., Cooper, L., & Woo, S.L. (1980). The development of mature gait. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 62(3), 336-353.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.2106/00004623-198062030-00004.

Sutherland, D.H., Olshen, R.A., Cooper, L., & Woo, S.L. (1980). The Development of Mature Gait. J. of Bone and Joint Surgery, 62(A), 336-353.

Woo, S.L. (1980). Biorheology of soft tissues: the need for interdisciplinary studies. Biorheology, 17(1-2), 39-43.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.3233/bir-1980-171-208.

Woo, S.L., Ritter, M.A., Amiel, D., Sanders, T.M., Gomez, M.A., Kuei, S.C., Garfin, S.R., & Akeson, W.H. (1980). The biomechanical and biochemical properties of swine tendons--long term effects of exercise on the digital extensors. Connect Tissue Res, 7(3), 177-183.Taylor & Francis. doi: 10.3109/03008208009152109.

Woo, S.L., Simon, B.R., Kuei, S.C., & Akeson, W.H. (1980). Quasi-linear viscoelastic properties of normal articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng, 102(2), 85-90.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.3138220.

WOO, S.L.Y. (1980). 3RD INTERNATIONAL-CONGRESS OF BIORHEOLOGY SYMPOSIUM ON SOFT-TISSUES AROUND A DIARTHRODIAL JOINT - INTRODUCTION. BIORHEOLOGY, 17(1-2), 37.

Woo, S.L., Lubock, P., Gomez, M.A., Jemmott, G.F., Kuei, S.C., & Akeson, W.H. (1979). Large deformation nonhomogeneous and directional properties of articular cartilage in uniaxial tension. J Biomech, 12(6), 437-446.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(79)90028-9.

Woo, S.L.Y., Kuei, S.C., Gomez, M.A., Winters, J.M., Amiel, D., & Akeson, W.H. (1979). EFFECT OF IMMOBILIZATION AND EXERCISE ON THE STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF BONE-MEDIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT-BONE COMPLEX. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Applied Mechanics Division, AMD, 32, 67-70.

Simon, B.R., Woo, S.L., McCarty, M., Lee, S., & Akeson, W.H. (1978). Parametric study of bone remodeling beneath internal fixation plates of varying stiffness. J Bioeng, 2(6), 543-556.

Akeson, W.H., Amiel, D., Mechanic, G.L., Woo, S.L., Harwood, F.L., & Hamer, M.L. (1977). Collagen cross-linking alterations in joint contractures: changes in the reducible cross-links in periarticular connective tissue collagen after nine weeks of immobilization. Connect Tissue Res, 5(1), 15-19.Taylor & Francis. doi: 10.3109/03008207709152607.

Akeson, W.H., Woo, S.L., Amiel, D., & Doty, D.H. (1977). Rapid recovery from contracture in rabbit hindlimb. A correlative biomechanical and biochemical study. Clin Orthop Relat Res, &NA;(122), 359-365.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/00003086-197701000-00049.

Akeson, W.H., Woo, S.L., Taylor, T.K., Ghosh, P., & Bushell, G.R. (1977). Biomechanics and biochemistry of the intervertebral disks: the need for correlation studies. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 129(129), 133-140.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/00003086-197711000-00015.

Simon, B.R., Woo, S.L., Stanley, G.M., Olmstead, S.R., McCarty, M.P., Jemmott, G.F., & Akeson, W.H. (1977). Evaluation of one-, two-, and three-dimensional finite element and experimental models of internal fixation plates. J Biomech, 10(2), 79-86.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(77)90071-9.

Woo, S.L., Simon, B.R., Akeson, W.H., & McCarty, M.P. (1977). An interdisciplinary approach to evaluate the effect of internal fixation plate on long bone remodeling. J Biomech, 10(2), 87-95.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(77)90072-0.

Akeson, W.H., Woo, S.L., Rutherford, L., Coutts, R.D., Gonsalves, M., & Amiel, D. (1976). The effects of rigidity of internal fixation plates on long bone remodeling. A biomechanical and quantitative histological study. Acta Orthop Scand, 47(3), 241-249.MJS Publishing, Medical Journals Sweden AB. doi: 10.3109/17453677608991984.

Convery, F.R., Woo, S.L., Akeson, W.H., Amiel, D., & Malcom, L.L. (1976). Experimental hemarthrosis in the knee of the mature canine. Arthritis Rheum, 19(1), 59-67.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/art.1780190110.

Coutts, R.E., Akeson, W.H., Woo, S., Matthews, J.V., Gonsalves, M., & Amiel, D. (1976). Comparison of stainless steel and composite plates in the healing of diaphyseal osteotomies of the dog radius: report on a short term study. Orthop Clin North Am, 7(1), 223-229.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/s0030-5898(20)31186-x.

WILKIE, K.C.B., & WOO, S.L. (1976). HEMICELLULOSES OF BAMBOOS ARUNDINARIA-JAPONICA AND A-ANCEPTS .1. NON-CELLULOSIC BETA-D-GLUCANS FROM BAMBOO, AND INTERPRETATIVE PROBLEMS IN STUDY OF ALL HEMICELLULOSES. CARBOHYDRATE RESEARCH, 49(JUL), 399-409.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/S0008-6215(00)83157-2.

Woo, S.L., Akeson, W.H., & Jemmott, G.F. (1976). Measurements of nonhomogeneous, directional mechanical properties of articular cartilage in tension. J Biomech, 9(12), 785-791.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(76)90186-x.

Woo, S.L., Akeson, W.H., Coutts, R.D., Rutherford, L., Doty, D., Jemmott, G.F., & Amiel, D. (1976). A comparison of cortical bone atrophy secondary to fixation with plates with large differences in bending stiffness. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 58(2), 190-195.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.2106/00004623-197658020-00005.

Woo, S.L.Y., Akeson, W.H., Coutts, R.D., Rutherford, L., Doty, D., Jemmott, G., & Amiel, D. (1976). A Comparison of Cortical Bone Atrophy Secondary to Fixation with Plates With Large Differences in Bending Stiffness. J. of Bone and Joint Surgery, 58(A), 190-195.

Akeson, W.H., Woo, S.L., Amiel, D., Doty, D.H., & Rutherford, L. (1975). Value of 17beta-oestradiol in prevention of contracture formation. Ann Rheum Dis, 35(5), 429-436.BMJ. doi: 10.1136/ard.35.5.429.

Akeson, W.H., Woo, S.L., Coutts, R.D., Matthews, J.V., Gonsalves, M., & Amiel, D. (1975). Quantitative histological evaluation of early fracture healing of cortical bones immobilized by stainless steel and composite plates. Calcif Tissue Res, 19(1), 27-37.Springer Nature. doi: 10.1007/BF02563988.

Akeson, W.H., Woo, S.L.Y., Amiel, D., Matthews, J.V., & Rutherford, L. (1975). Lubrication defect of immobilized connective tissue matrices Study of the biomechanical and biochemical characteristics of normal and immobilized rabbit knee. ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES, 34, 101-103.

Simon, B.R., Woo, S.L.Y., Stanley, G.M., Olmstead, S.R., Akeson, W.H., & Jemmott, G. (1975). FINITE ELEMENT AND EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF AN INTERNAL FIXATION PLATE MODEL. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Applied Mechanics Division, AMD, 1, 93-95.

Woo, S.L., Matthews, J.V., Akeson, W.H., Amiel, D., & Convery, F.R. (1975). Connective tissue response to immobility. Correlative study of biomechanical and biochemical measurements of normal and immobilized rabbit knees. Arthritis Rheum, 18(3), 257-264.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/art.1780180311.

Woo, S.L.Y., Akeson, W.H., Jemmott, G.F., & Van Veen, M.A. (1975). MEASUREMENTS OF NON-HOMOGENEOUS DIRECTIONAL MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ARTICULAR CARTILAGE IN TENSION USING A VIDEO-DIMENSIONAL ANALYZER. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Applied Mechanics Division, AMD, 1, 115-117.

Akeson, W.H., Woo, S.L., Amiel, D., & Matthews, J.V. (1974). Biomechanical and biochemical changes in the periarticular connective tissue during contracture development in the immobilized rabbit knee. Connect Tissue Res, 2(4), 315-323.Taylor & Francis. doi: 10.3109/03008207409152261.

Woo, S.L., Akeson, W.H., Levenetz, B., Coutts, R.D., Matthews, J.V., & Amiel, D. (1974). Potential application of graphite fiber and methyl methacrylate resin composites as internal fixation plates. J Biomed Mater Res, 8(5), 321-338.Wiley. doi: 10.1002/jbm.820080513.

Akeson, W.H., Woo, S.L., Amiel, D., Coutts, R.D., & Daniel, D. (1973). The connective tissue response to immobility: biochemical changes in periarticular connective tissue of the immobilized rabbit knee. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 93(93), 356-362.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1097/00003086-197306000-00039.

Coletti, J.M., Akeson, W.H., & Woo, S.L. (1972). A comparison of the physical behavior of normal articular cartilage and the arthroplasty surface. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 54(1), 147-160.Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.2106/00004623-197254010-00014.

Coletti, J.M., Akeson, W.H., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1972). A Comparison of the Physical Behavior of Normal Articular Cartilage and the Arthroplasty Surface. J. of Bone and Joint Surgery, 54(A), 147-160.

Woo, S.L., Kobayashi, A.S., Lawrence, C., & Schlegel, W.A. (1972). Mathematical model of the corneo-scleral shell as applied to intraocular pressure-volume relations and applanation tonometry. Ann Biomed Eng, 1(1), 87-98.Springer Nature. doi: 10.1007/BF02363420.

Woo, S.L., Kobayashi, A.S., Schlegel, W.A., & Lawrence, C. (1972). Nonlinear material properties of intact cornea and sclera. Exp Eye Res, 14(1), 29-39.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/0014-4835(72)90139-x.

Woo, S.L.Y., Kobayashi, A.S., Lawrence, C., & Schlegel, W. (1972). A Mathematical Model of the Corneo-Scleral Shell as Applied to Intraocular Pressure-Volume Relations and Applanation Tonometry. Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 1, 89-98.

Kobayashi, A.S., Woo, S.L., Lawrence, C., & Schlegel, W.A. (1971). Analysis of the corneo-scleral shell by the method of direct stiffness. J Biomech, 4(5), 323-330.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(71)90053-4.

Wiederhielm, C.A., Kobayashi, A.S., Stromberg, D.D., & Woo, S.L. (1968). Structural response of relaxed and constricted arterioles. J Biomech, 1(4), 259-270.Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(68)90021-3.

Kobayashi, A.S., Woo, S.L.Y., & Shah, R.C. (1967). Plane-Stress, Elastic-Plastic States in the Vicinity of Crack Tips. NASA CR, 772.

Fisher, M.B., Jung, H.J., Kim, K.E., McMahon, P.J., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2011). Extracellular Matrix Bioscaffolds to Enhance ACL Healing: Impact on the Contribution of the MCL to Joint Stability. In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference, Parts A and B, (PARTS A AND B), (pp. 641-642).ASME International. doi: 10.1115/sbc2011-53416.

Kim, K.E., Hsu, S., Fisher, M.B., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2011). The Effect of Patellar Orientation on the Stiffness of the Porcine Femur-Medial Patellofemoral Ligament-Patella Complex. In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference, Parts A and B, (PARTS A AND B), (pp. 683-684).ASME International. doi: 10.1115/sbc2011-53545.

Prantil, R.K., Mondello, T.A., Yu, S.H., Pervaiz, K., Woo, S.L.Y., & Li, Z.M. (2011). Stiffness of the Transverse Carpal Ligament Under the Influence of Collagenase. In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference, Parts A and B, (PARTS A AND B), (pp. 677-678).ASME International. doi: 10.1115/sbc2011-53284.

Fisher, M.B., Jung, H.J., Liang, R., Kim, K., McMahon, P.J., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2010). Use of Extracellular Matrix Bioscaffolds to Enhance ACL Healing: A Multidisciplinary Approach in a Goat Model. In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference, Parts A and B, (PARTS A AND B), (pp. 47-48).ASME International. doi: 10.1115/sbc2010-19559.

Fisher, M.B., Jung, H.J., McMahon, P.J., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2009). Effects of Tunnel Location for Suture Augmentation Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury. In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference, Parts A and B, (PART A), (pp. 259-260).ASME International. doi: 10.1115/sbc2009-206605.

Abramowitch, S., Redfern, M., Debski, R., Almarza, A., Borovetz, H., Hardesty, R.L., & Woo, S. (2008). Intramural research internship: A requirement of the undergraduate bioengineering curriculum at the University of Pittsburgh. In ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference Proceedings.

Liang, R., Nguyen, T., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2008). A bioscaffold enhances the fibrillogenesis in healing medial collateral ligament. In TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A, 14(5), (p. 800).

Woo, S.L.Y., Fisher, M.B., & Almarza, A.J. (2008). Regeneration of Ligaments and Tendons With ECM Bioscaffolds. In Volume 15: Processing and Engineering Applications of Novel Materials, 15, (pp. 111-112).ASME International. doi: 10.1115/imece2008-68870.

Zhang, X., Jiang, G., Wu, C., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2008). A subject-specific finite element model of the anterior cruciate ligament. In Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2008, (pp. 891-894).Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). doi: 10.1109/iembs.2008.4649297.

Zhang, X., Wu, C., Jiang, G., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2008). The Effects of Geometry and Fiber Bundle Orientation on the Finite Element Modeling of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament. In Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2008, (pp. 899-902).Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). doi: 10.1109/iembs.2008.4649299.

Lorang, N.H., Hellmann, L.A., Wu, C., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2007). Validation of a High-Payload Robotic/UFS Testing System for Studying of Joint Motion. In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference, (pp. 639-640).ASME International. doi: 10.1115/sbc2007-176356.

Shin, E.J., Wanna, G.B., Choi, B., Aguila, D., Ebert, O., Genden, E.M., & Woo, S.L. (2007). Interleukin-12 expression enhances vesicular stomatitis virus oncolytic therapy in murine squamous cell carcinoma. In Laryngoscope, 117(2), (pp. 210-214).Wiley.United States. doi: 10.1097/01.mlg.0000246194.66295.d8.

Abramowitch, S.D., Fu, Y.C., Liang, R., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2006). Functional Tissue Engineering of Patellar Tendon Healing: A Histological and Biomechanical Assessment. In MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE, 38(5), (pp. 71-72).Wolters Kluwer. doi: 10.1249/00005768-200605001-00729.

Hunziker, E., Spector, M., Libera, J., Gertzman, A., Woo, S.L.Y., Ratcliffe, A., Lysaght, M., Coury, A., Kaplan, D., & Vunjak-Novakovic, G. (2006). Translation from research to applications. In Tissue Eng, 12(12), (pp. 3341-3364).Mary Ann Liebert.United States. doi: 10.1089/ten.2006.12.3341.

Bechtold, S.J., Darcy, S.P., Woo, S.L.Y., & Debski, R.E. (2004). Repeatability of Establishing Anatomical Coordinate Systems and the Initial Configuration of the Knee. In Advances in Bioengineering, (pp. 371-372).ASME International. doi: 10.1115/imece2004-59781.

Moore, S.M., Gabriel, M.T., Thomas, M., Zeminski, J., Woo, S.L.Y., & Debski, R.E. (2004). The Effect of the Accuracy of Various Measuring Devices on Recorded Joint Kinematics. In Advances in Bioengineering, (pp. 323-324).ASME International. doi: 10.1115/imece2004-61551.

Abramowitch, S.D., Clineff, T.D., Debski, R.E., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2003). An Experimental and Analytical Evaluation of the Nonlinear Viscoelastic Properties of the Healing Medial Collateral Ligament in a Goat Model. In Advances in Bioengineering, 55, (pp. 337-338).ASME International. doi: 10.1115/imece2003-43075.

Darcy, S.P., Gil, J.E., Woo, S.L.Y., & Debski, R.E. (2003). The Effect of Position and Path Repeatability on Biomechanical Testing of Diarthrodial Joints. In Advances in Bioengineering, 55, (pp. 225-226).ASME International. doi: 10.1115/imece2003-43053.

Darcy, S.P., Kilger, R.H.P., Woo, S.L.Y., & Debski, R.E. (2003). Estimation of ACL Forces Utilizing a Novel Non-Invasive Methodology That Reproduces Knee Kinematics Between Sets of Knees. In Advances in Bioengineering, 55, (pp. 237-238).ASME International. doi: 10.1115/imece2003-43090.

Fisk, J.A., Rollins, M.L., Van Scyoc, A.H., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2003). The Effect of Random Skin Motion on Knee Kinematics Calculated With Surface Markers: A Comparison of Three Marker Sets. In Advances in Bioengineering, 55, (pp. 241-242).ASME International. doi: 10.1115/imece2003-43114.

Gilbert, T.W., Grashow, J., Woo, S.L.Y., Chancellor, M.B., & Sacks, M.S. (2003). Fiber Kinematics of Small Intestinal Submucosa Subjected to Biaxial Stretch. In Advances in Bioengineering, 55, (pp. 323-324).ASME International. doi: 10.1115/imece2003-43019.

Gilbert, T.W., Wang, J.H.C., Badylak, S.F., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2003). Development of a Novel Model System to Study Remodeling of ECM Scaffolds in Response to Cyclic Stretching. In Advances in Bioengineering, 55, (pp. 395-396).ASME International. doi: 10.1115/imece2003-41444.

Moon, D.K., Gabriel, M.T., Abramowitch, S.D., Takakura, Y., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2003). The Effects of Refreezing on the Tensile Properties of the Medial Collateral Ligament-Bone Complex: A Rabbit Model. In Advances in Bioengineering, 55, (pp. 335-336).ASME International. doi: 10.1115/imece2003-43072.

Moore, S.M., Thomas, M., Gabriel, M.T., Zeminski, J., Woo, S.L.Y., & Debski, R.E. (2003). Reproducing the Motion of a Diarthrodial Joint During a Clinical Examination Using Robotic Technology. In Advances in Bioengineering, 55, (pp. 257-258).ASME International. doi: 10.1115/imece2003-43074.

Song, Y., Debski, R.E., Gil, J., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2002). Development of a 3-D Non-Linear Finite Element Model of Human Knee Joint. In Advances in Bioengineering, (pp. 409-410).ASME International. doi: 10.1115/imece2002-32608.

Debski, R.E., Vangura, A., Fenwick, J., Woo, S.L.Y., & Fu, F.H. (2001). Role of the coracoclavicular ligaments in AC joint stability: A validated computational approach. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Bioengineering Division (Publication) BED, 50, (pp. 47-48).

Wang, J.H.C., Stone, D., Jia, F., Celechovsky, C., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2000). Biological Responses of Fibroblasts to Cyclic Stretching: A Novel Culture Model Study. In Advances in Bioengineering, 2000-D, (pp. 179-180).American Society of Mechanical Engineers. doi: 10.1115/imece2000-2573.

Zeminski, J., Kanamori, A., Yagi, M., Debski, R.E., Fu, F.H., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2000). A Biomechanical Evaluation of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Response to Rotational Loads. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Bioengineering Division (Publication) BED, 48, (pp. 7-8).ASME International. doi: 10.1115/imece2000-2488.

Zeminski, J., Kanamori, A., Yagi, M., Debski, R.E., Fu, F.H., & Woo, S.L.Y. (2000). A Biomechanical Evaluation of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Response to Rotational Loads. In Advances in Bioengineering, 2000-D, (pp. 7-8).American Society of Mechanical Engineers. doi: 10.1115/imece2000-2488.

Wang, J.H.C., Celechovsky, C., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1999). Effects of silicone microgrooves on 3T3 fibroblasts. In Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology - Proceedings, 2, (p. 781).

Vogrin, T.M., Woo, S.L.Y., Höher, J., Janaushek, M.A., Ma, C.B., & Harner, C.D. (1998). Biomechanical evaluation of a posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in the knee using robotic technology. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Bioengineering Division (Publication) BED, 39, (pp. 21-22).

Debski, R.E., Wong, E.K., Sakane, M., Warner, J.J.P., Fu, F.H., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1997). Application of robotic/UFS technology to study the in-situ load distribution in the glenohumeral joint capsule during A-P loading. Orthopaedic Research Seminar.Department of Orthopaedics, University of Pittsburgh.

Pfaeffle, H.J., Tomaino, M.M., Grewal, R., Xu, J., Boardman, N.D., Herndon, J.H., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1996). Tensile properties of the interosseous membrane of the human forearm. In Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference - Proceedings, (p. 455).

Chan, S.S., Livesay, G.A., Morrow, D.A., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1995). Development of a low-cost laser reflectance system to determine the cross-sectional shape and area of soft tissues. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Bioengineering Division (Publication) BED, 31, (pp. 123-124).

Debski, R.E., Imhoff, A.B., Warner, J.J.P., Demirhan, M., Patel, P.R., Fu, F.H., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1995). Determination of in-situ length changes of the glenohumeral ligaments during abduction. Long Beach Orthopaedic Bioengineering Symposium.Long Beach, VA.

Fujie, H., Mabuchi, K., Itoman, M., Tsukamoto, Y., Livesay, G.A., Woo, S.L.Y., Sasada, T., & Ikeuchi, K. (1995). Use of a robotic system for the study of joint biomechanics: In-situ force in the human anterior cruciate ligament. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Bioengineering Division (Publication) BED, 31, (pp. 219-220).

McGough, R., Debski, R.E., Taskiran, E., Fu, F.H., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1995). Tensile properties of the long head of the biceps tendon. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Bioengineering Division (Publication) BED, 31, (pp. 3-4).

Woo, S.L.Y., Schmidt, C.C., Taylor, B.J., Yamaji, T., & Weaver-Green, C. (1995). Effects of EGF and TGF-β on the biomechanical properties of the healing medial collateral ligament. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Bioengineering Division (Publication) BED, 31, (pp. 53-54).

Debski, R.E., Boardman, N.D., Thompson, W.O., Warner, J.J.P., Fu, F.H., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1994). Measurement of muscle force and glenohumeral joint kinematics during scapular plane abduction. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Bioengineering Division (Publication) BED, 28, (pp. 107-108).

Rudy, T., Livesay, G.A., Xerogeanes, J.W., Takeda, Y., Fu, F.H., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1994). Combined robotics/UFS approach to measure knee kinematics and determine in-situ ACL forces. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Bioengineering Division (Publication) BED, 28, (pp. 287-288).

Zhang, A.X., Miller, M.C., Berger, R.A., Rubash, H.E., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1994). Accuracy in establishment of anatomical coordinate systems by photography. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Bioengineering Division (Publication) BED, 28, (pp. 187-188).

Fujie, H., Livesay, G.A., Kashiwaguchi, S., Blomstrom, G., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1992). Determination of in situ force in the human anterior cruciate ligament: A new methodology. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Bioengineering Division (Publication) BED, 22, (pp. 91-94).

Johnson, G.A., Rajagopal, K.R., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1992). Single integral finite strain (SIFS) viscoelastic model of ligaments and tendons. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Bioengineering Division (Publication) BED, 22, (pp. 245-248).

Suh, J.K., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1992). Negative hydrostatic pressure in articular cartilage extracellular matrix under cyclic compressive load. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Bioengineering Division (Publication) BED, 22, (pp. 199-202).

Fujie, H., Livesay, G.A., Mabuchi, K., Tsukamoto, Y., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1991). New methodology to perform joint kinematics studies using robotics. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Bioengineering Division (Publication) BED, 20, (pp. 407-408).

HENRICK, C.A., CARNEY, R.L., BROWN, T.L., LUI, A.S.T., WOO, S.L., STAAL, G.B., & CERF, D.C. (1991). ANTI-JUVENILE HORMONE AGENTS. In ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 202, (pp. 3-AGRO).

Livesay, G.A., Takai, S., Choi, N.Y., Fujie, H., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1991). In-situ loads in the anterior cruciate ligament. Experimental results, clinical implications. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Bioengineering Division (Publication) BED, 20, (pp. 443-445).

Ohland, K.J., Woo, S.L.Y., Weiss, J.A., Takai, S., & Shelley, F.J. (1991). Healing of combined injuries of the rabbit medial collateral ligament and its insertions. A long term study on the effects of conservative vs. surgical treatment. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Bioengineering Division (Publication) BED, 20, (pp. 447-451).

Hacker, S.A., Woo, S.L.Y., Wayne, J.S., & Kwan, M.K. (1990). Regional variation and effect of age on the biomechanical properties of human meniscus. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Bioengineering Division (Publication) BED, 20, (pp. 449-451).

Danto, M.I., Marcin, J.P., Schultz, J.E., Young, E.P., Ohland, K.J., Newton, P.O., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1989). Comparison of three methods for measuring the cross-sectional area along the rabbit medial collateral ligament. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Applied Mechanics Division, AMD, 98, (pp. 97-100).

Gomez, M.A., Kwan, M.K., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1989). Analytical technique for defining the mechanical properties of ligament tissues. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Applied Mechanics Division, AMD, 98, (pp. 45-48).

Hollis, J.M., Horibe, S., Adams, D.J., Marcin, J.P., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1989). Force distribution in the anterior cruciate ligament as a function of flexion angle. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Applied Mechanics Division, AMD, 98, (pp. 41-44).

Kwan, M.K., Wall, E.J., Weiss, J.A., Rydevik, B.L., Garfin, S.R., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1989). Biomechanical analysis of rabbit peripheral nerve: in situ stresses and strains. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Applied Mechanics Division, AMD, 98, (pp. 109-112).

MacKenna, D.A., Newton, P.O., Lyon, R.M., Akeson, W.H., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1989). Effect of hemarthrosis and synovectomy on the mechanical properties ot the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL). In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Applied Mechanics Division, AMD, 98, (pp. 65-68).

May, D.K., Horibe, S., Woo, S.L.Y., Albright, J.P., Zhang, C.J., & Buckwalter, J.A. (1989). Effects of long-term intensive exercise and age on the biomechanical properties of canine flexor tendons. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Applied Mechanics Division, AMD, 98, (pp. 73-76).

Newton, P.O., MacKenna, D.A., Lyon, R.M., Akeson, W.H., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1989). Comparison of the medical properties of the medial collateral and anterior cruciate ligaments of the rabbit knee. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Applied Mechanics Division, AMD, 98, (pp. 53-56).

Wang, C.W., Weiss, J.A., Albright, J.P., Buckwalter, J.A., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1989). Effects of long term exercise on the structural and mechanical properties of the canine medial collateral ligament. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Applied Mechanics Division, AMD, 98, (pp. 69-72).

Wayne, J.S., Kwan, M.K., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1989). Application of the u-P finite element method to biphasic modelling of articular cartilage. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Applied Mechanics Division, AMD, 98, (pp. 37-40).

WEISS, J.A., GOMEZ, M.A., HAWKINS, D.A., & WOO, S.L.Y. (1988). THE EFFECT OF EPIPHYSEAL CLOSURE ON LIGAMENT INSITU STRESSES AND STRAINS. In JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS, 21(10), (p. 868).Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(88)90067-X.

Lin, H.C., Kwan, M.K.W., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1987). ON THE STRESS RELAXATION PROPERTIES OF ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT (ACL). In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Bioengineering Division (Publication) BED, 3, (pp. 5-6).

Woo, S.L.Y., Gomez, M.A., & Sites, T.J. (1987). MICROSTRUCTURAL AND BIOMECHANICAL CHANGES OF THE LIGAMENT-BONE COMPLEX FOLLOWING IMMOBILIZATION AND REMOBILIZATION. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Applied Mechanics Division, AMD, 84, (pp. 209-212).

Hawkins, D.A., Gomez, M.A., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1986). INDIRECT METHOD TO DETERMINE LIGAMENT STRESSES IN SITU. (pp. 166-167).

Hollis, J.M., Lee, E.B., Ballock, R.T., Gomez, M.A., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1986). EFFECT OF LOADING DIRECTION ON THE FAILURE PROPERTIES OF THE FEMUR-ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT-TIBIA COMPLEX. (pp. 168-169).

McGurk-Burleson, E., Inoue, M., Hollis, J.M., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1986). FUNCTIONAL ROLES OF THE ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT AND MEDIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT IN PROVIDING STABILITY TO THE CANINE KNEE JOINT. (pp. 172-173).

Spiegelman, J.J., Woo, S.L.Y., & Kwan, M.K. (1986). MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSION FOR DESCRIBING FLEXOR TENDON EXCURSION ACROSS DIGITAL JOINTS. (pp. 103-104).

Woo, S.L.Y., & Akeson, W.H. (1986). STRUCTURAL AND MECHANICAL BEHAVIORS OF TENDONS AND LIGAMENTS. In Materials Science Monographs, (pp. 95-121).

Woo, S.L.Y., Akeson, W.H., & Coutts, R.D. (1986). BIOMECHANICAL CONSIDERATIONS OF METAL AND COMPOSITE MATERIALS FOR BONE FRACTURE FIXATION PLATES. In Materials Science Monographs, (pp. 223-244).

WOO, S.L.Y. (1985). FUNCTIONAL ADAPTATION OF CORTICAL BONE, TENDONS AND LIGAMENTS. In JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS, 18(7), (p. 516).Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(85)90672-4.

Frank, C., Woo, S.L.Y., Amiel, D., Harwood, F., Gomez, M., & Akeson, W. (1984). HEALING OF MEDIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT (MCL). In Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology - Proceedings, (p. 339).

Gomez, M.A., Woo, S.L.Y., Sato, S., Amiel, D., Harwood, F.L., & Akeson, W.H. (1984). MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HEALING CANINE MCL LIGAMENT. In Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology - Proceedings, (p. 269).

WOO, S.L.Y., NEWTON, P.O., & GOMEZ, M.A. (1984). EFFECT OF IMMOBILIZATION AND REMOBILIZATION ON THE PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENTS. In JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS, 17(11), (p. 871).Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(84)90163-5.

Woo, S.L.Y., Sato, S., Lee, T.Q., & Gomez, M.A. (1984). THERMAL EFFECTS ON LIGAMENT TENSILE BEHAVIOR. In Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology - Proceedings, (p. 273).

Woo, S.L.Y., Camp, J., Gomez, M.A., & Akeson, W.H. (1983). COMPARISON OF THE BIOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FRESH AND FROZEN LIGAMENTS. In Advances in Bioengineering, (pp. 98-99).

Simon, B.R., Woo, S.L.Y., & Coats, R.S. (1982). RELAXATION AND CREEP QUASILINEAR VISCOELASTIC MODELS FOR NORMAL ARTICULAR CARTILAGE. In Advances in Bioengineering, (pp. 75-78).

AMIEL, D., WOO, S.L.Y., AKESON, W.H., & HARWOOD, F.L. (1981). IMMOBILIZATION EFFECT ON THE MEDIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT AND PATELLAR TENDON A BIOCHEMICAL-BIOMECHANICAL STUDY. In BIORHEOLOGY, 18(1), (p. 128).

Woo, S.L.Y., Akeson, W.H., Coutts, R.D., Gomez, M.A., Cobb, N.G., Gonsalves, M., & Amiel, D. (1981). POTENTIAL ADVANTAGES OF LESS RIGID Ti-6Al-4V PLATES. In Transactions of the Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials in conjunction with the Interna, 4, (p. 58).

WOO, S.L.Y., GOMEZ, M.A., ENDO, C.M., & AKESON, W.H. (1981). ON THE MEASUREMENT OF LIGAMENT STRAINS AND STRAIN DISTRIBUTION. In BIORHEOLOGY, 18(1), (p. 139).

Woo, S.L.Y. (1980). Introduction1. In Biorheology, 17(1-2), (p. 37).SAGE Publications. doi: 10.3233/bir-1980-171-207.

WOO, S.L.Y., AMIEL, D., AKESON, W.H., KUEI, S.C., & TIPTON, C.M. (1979). EFFECT OF LONG-TERM EXERCISE ON LIGAMENTS, TENDONS AND BONES OF SWINE. In MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE, 11(1), (p. 105).

AKESON, W.H., AMIEL, D., WOO, S.L.Y., & HARWOOD, F. (1978). MECHANICAL IMPERATIVES FOR SYNOVIAL JOINT HOMEOSTASIS - PRESENT POTENTIAL FOR THEIR THERAPEUTIC MANIPULATION. In BIORHEOLOGY, 15(5-6), (p. 449).

MALCOM, L.L., CONVERY, F.R., WOO, S.L.Y., & AKESON, W.H. (1978). RHEOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT OF INTER-ARTICULAR CARTILAGE SURFACE SHEARING FORCES INVITRO. In BIORHEOLOGY, 15(5-6), (p. 482).

WOO, S.L.Y. (1978). BIORHEOLOGY OF SOFT-TISSUES - NEED FOR INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES. In BIORHEOLOGY, 15(5-6), (p. 448).

AMIEL, D., AKESON, W.H., & WOO, S.L.Y. (1976). CHANGES IN COLLAGEN CROSS-LINKS IN IMMOBILIZED PERIARTICULAR CONNECTIVE-TISSUE. In ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES DE PHYSIOLOGIE DE BIOCHIMIE ET DE BIOPHYSIQUE, 84(3), (p. R33).

MALCOLM, L.L., FUNG, Y.C., WOO, S.L.Y., AKESON, W.H., & AMIEL, D. (1975). STEADY-STATE DYNAMIC FRICTIONAL PROPERTIES OF CARTILAGE-CARTILAGE INTERFACES. In JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME, A 57(4), (p. 567).

Akeson, W.H., & Woo, S.L.Y. (1974). USE OF FIBROUS COMPOSITE PLATES FOR FIXATION OF OSTEOMIZED CANINE RADII. (pp. 10-18).

CONVERY, F.R., WOO, S.L.Y., AKESON, W.H., AMIEL, D., & MALCOM, L.L. (1974). EXPERIMENTAL HEMARTHROSIS IN MATURE DOGS. In JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME, A 56(4), (p. 852).

Research interests

biomechanics
extracellular matrix
knee
ligaments
motion
tendons
tissue engineering